Artefact Chapter 12

Revolution Option One: The American Revolution

revolution

rapid and significant change in society, politics, technology or the economy

thirteen american colonies in 1775

conneticut, delaware, georgia, maryland, massachusetts, new hampshire, new york, new jersey, virginia, pennsylvania, rhode island, north carolina, south carolina

causes of the american revolution

age of enlightenment, restrictions on trade, the seven years war, no tax without representation

enlightenment

movement of thinkers which emerged in europe

what did the british want in the 1750s

a cheap supply of raw materials

navigation acts

forced colonies to sell some of their products only to britain

what products were colonies forced to sell to britain

cotton, sugar, tobacco

when did the seven years war happen

1756 - 1763

what did the seven year war mean for america

many americans gained military experience

when was stamp act

1765

stamp act

all legal documents, wills, newspapers, certificates and playing cards to have a government stamp, which had to be paid for

quartering act

tax to cover the cost of soldiers in the colonies

when was the quavering act

1765 - 1766

colonists

americans

the crown

britain

slogan by americans against british

no taxation without representation

give an example of a group who advocated for america to govern their own country

sons of liberty in boston

what else did the sons of liberty do

attacked british officials, organised boycotts, published revolutionary pamphlets and posters

when was the townshend acts

1767

townsend acts

tax on goods america imported (tea, glass, paint, lead)

when did the boston massacre happen

1770

boston massacre

boston mob confronted some british soldiers, soldiers open fire and kill five people

tea act

exempted the east india company from tea tax

boston tea party

sons of liberty dressed as native americans and dumped crates of east india company tea into boston harbour

intolerable acts

port of boston closed, city put under military rule, colony’s assembly suspended

the first continental congress

congress opposed british taxes, urged boycotts of british goods and removal of british soldiers

militias

part time armies

general gage

sent troops to seize weapons at concord, near boston

paul revere

told militiamen to warn rebels that the british were coming

what happened on the way to concord?

ten americans killed and eight captured

what happened when the british reached concord?

weapons were gone

what happened on the british’s way back to concord?

battle, 273 british soldiers died

pamphlet read widely throughout colonies

common sense

who wrote common sense

thomas paine

what was the message of common sense

british were oppressing americans rights, americans should be independent

what was george washington chosen to be

commander-in-chief of the continental army

declaration of independance

seperates american colonies from british rule

where was george washington born

virginia

what battles did george washington win and lose in the war of independance

lost at bunker hill, won battle of boston, lost new york

where did the british capture in 1777

philadelphia

who joined the war against britain in 1778

france, spain, netherlands

month after loss at philadelphia, america beat britain where?

saratoga

valley forge

remote base for george washington and his men

what happened at yorktown?

cornwallis surrenered to washington, america wins the war

what was signed by former colonies and the british

treaty of paris

consitution

rules for running a country

federal republic

power is divided between a central government

when was washington elected and reelected for president?

1789, 1792

when did george washington die

1799

results of the american revolution

growth of usa, impact on france and ireland, influence of ideas