First Law of Thermodynamics

Potential Energy

Defined as the energy of an object at rest prior to its position (stored energy).

Kinetic Energy

Energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion (energy in motion).

System

The specific part of the universe that is under our interest.

The portion we single out to focus on the changes in terms of energy.

Surroundings

Everything that is not within the system called the __________.

Boundary or Wall

The system and the surrounding are separated by a ________ or _______.

Open System

Characterized by a free exchange of matter and energy.

Closed System

There is still a free exchange of energy but in terms of matter, the exchange with the surroundings is not possible due to an impermeable wall which not allows the flow of mass from system to surroundings and vice-versa.

Isolated System

The exchange of both matter and energy to the surrounding is not possible because of having a wall that is impermeable and adiabatic.

Impermeable

Does not allow matter to pass through it.

Adiabatic

One that does not conduct heat at all, thus heat cannot pass through.

Non-Adiabatic

Does conduct heat,  allowing heat to pass through.

First Law of Thermodynamics

The relationship between the energy change of a system and that of its surroundings is given by the _______________, which states that the energy of the universe is constant.

The ____________ which is based on the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. It states that the change in internal energy of a system, ΔE/ ΔU, equals the net heat transferred into the system, q, plus the net work done on the system, w.