Chem Test: Matter and Energy

What 2 categories can matter be broken into?

Substance and Mixture

What 2 categories can a substance be broken into?

element and compound

what are elements made of?

atoms

what are the 3 subatomic particles that atoms are made up of?

electrons, protons, neutrons

what are the 3 types of compounds?

covalent, ionic, metallic

what are the 2 types of mixtures?

homogeneous and heterogeneous

what is a homogeneous mixture also called?

solution

what are the 2 parts that make up a solution?

solvent and solute

what are 2 examples of heterogeneous mixtures?

salad dressing and sand in water

What is matter?

anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

Universe

created at the Big Bang, found on the Periodic Table of Elements

What is a substance?

pure, fixed and definite composition

an element is the simplest form of ____ _________.

pure substance

True or False: an element is only made up of once kind of material

true

_____ are the basic unit and building blocks of matter.

atoms

what are compounds made of?

2 or more elements

what are compounds held together by?

bonds

compounds are _________ ________ and separated by a ________ ________.

chemically combined, chemical reaction

what does an ionic bond do

transfer electrons

what does a covalent bond do?

share electrons

what does a metallic bond have?

wandering electrons

are mixtures pure or impure?

impure

mixtures are made up of _ __ ____ __________.

2 or more substances

mixtures are __________ ________ and _________.

physically combined, separated

True or False: a chemical reaction occurs in a mixture

False

homogeneous mixture

uniform in composition and solution

solute

substance that is dissolved

solvent

substance that does the dissolving

heterogeneous mixture

non uniform composition, components don't fully mix.

solid to a gas

sublimation

gas to a solid

deposition

gas to a liquid

condesning

liquid to a gas

evaporating

liquid to a solid

freezing

solid to a liquid

melting

what is the shape of a solid

definite

what is the volume of a solid

definite

what is the density of a solid

high

what are the attractive forces in a solid

strong, rigid structure

what is the particle motion in a solid

slow

what is the kinetic energy in a solid

low

what is the shape of a liquid

not definite

what is the volume of a liquid

definite

what is the what is the density of a liquid

medium

what are the attractive forces in a liquid

medium, ability to flow

what is the particle motion in a liquid

medium

what is the kinetic energy in a liquid

medium

what is the shape of a gas

not definite

what is the volume of a gas

not definite

what are the attractive forces in a gas

weak, fill its container

what is the particle motion in a gas

fast

what is the kinetic energy in a gad

high

energy is the study of _______.

physics

energy is the _______ __ __ ____.

ability to do work

True or False: Matter is related to energy

True

what are the 2 main forms of energy?

thermal and chemical

kinetic energy

energy in motion

potential energy

stored energy

temperature is the measure of _______ _____ in an object.

kinetic energy

higher temperature = ______ kinetic energy

higher

lower temperature = _____ kinetic energy

lower

what system is °C

metric

what system is °F

US

what system is K

SI

Formula for Celsius to Fahrenheit

Tf = 1.8 (Tc) + 32

formula for Fahrenheit to Celsius

Tc = Tf - 32 / 1.8

formula for Celsius to Kelvin

Tk = Tc + 273

formula for Kelvin to Celsius

Tc = Tk - 273

heat is the same as _______ ______.

thermal energy

heat moves from ___ to ____.

hot to cold

exothermic

heat is released, feels hot, negative value

endothermic

heat is absorbed, feels cold, positive value

formula for heat

Q = mcΔT

2nd formula for heat

Q = mc (Tf - Ti)