Overview on Anthrax

Flashcards covering key concepts and facts about anthrax to aid in exam preparation.

What is anthrax commonly referred to due to the excessive enlargement of the spleen?

Splenic fever.

What type of organism is Bacillus anthracis?

A straight, very large rod-shaped, non-motile, capsulated, aerobic spore-forming gram-positive organism.

In what year was the live spore vaccine for anthrax created?

1937.

What environments promote the survival of Bacillus anthracis spores?

Spores can survive for more than 35 years in the environment.

What are the three primary forms of anthrax in humans?

Cutaneous anthrax, Inhalation anthrax, and Gastrointestinal anthrax.

Which form of anthrax infection is characterized by boil-like skin lesions?

Cutaneous anthrax.

What are the common symptoms of inhalation anthrax?

Flu-like symptoms, respiratory problems leading to respiratory system collapse.

What vaccination method is crucial for livestock in regions where anthrax is prevalent?

Annual vaccination of susceptible animals.

What is the primary mechanism of action of anthrax toxins?

They impair the immune system and contribute to the severity of the disease.

What antibiotic is considered the most effective treatment for anthrax?

Penicillin.