1. Neuroanatomy

Can you name these anatomical directions?

Yes

Name this plane

Coronal

Name this plane

Sagittal

Name this plane

horiztontal

Name each component

Done

Number of nerve pairs in each section of spinal cord

Cervical: 8

Thoracic: 12

Lumbar: 5

Sacral: 5

Coccyx: 1

Grey matter contains …

neuronal cell bodies

White matter contains …

axons (usually myelinated)

Name the dorsal vs ventral side

Done

Different terms for axon bundles in CNS and PNS

• CNS: tracts

• PNS: nerves

A ____ ____ is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated

neural circuit

Afferent vs efferent flow

Afferent: aquires (input)
Efferent: exits (output)

4 steps in simple neural circuit (knee jerk reflex)

1. sensory receptors sense tendon stretching from hammer tap

2. sensory neuron excites motor neuron and interneuron

3. extensor muscle contracts and flexor muscle relaxes

4. leg extends

4 major lobes of the brain and their locations

frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes

Sulci vs gyri

• sulci: valleys

• gyri: ridges

Which neurologist correctly states that there are different areas of the brain that correspond to different functions

Brodmann

2 divisions of the diencephalon ( + function)

• thalamus: relay info to and from the brain/ spinal cord

• hypothalamus & pituitary: regulation of motivation behaviors/ release of endocrine hormones

3 components of the midbrain and hindbrain

• mesencephalon: tectum & colliculi (auditory, sensory, and visual processing)

• metencephalon: pons (sensory motor relay) and cerebellum (motor coordination)

• myelencephalon: medulla (basic life function)

2 main brain systems and function

• limbic system: emotion, learning, and memory

• basal ganglia: motor function, reward learning

(iClicker Q) 1 billion simple neurons — What percent of the neurons in the human brain does this supercomputer roughly model?

A