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WW2

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Arms control agreement that outlawed war as an instrument of national policy following WW1. The policy proved unenforceable.

Isolationism

Informal policy stemming from the belief that the United States should not become involved with the affairs of other nations. This mindset was especially popular following World War I.

Neutrallity Acts

Legislation passed between 1935 and 1937 to make it more difficult for the United States to become entangled in overseas conflicts. The Neutrality Acts reflected the strength of isolationist sentiment in 1930s America.

Appeasement

The policy of England and France that allowed the Nazis to annex Czechoslovak territory in exchange for Hitler promising not to take further land — a pledge he soon violated.

America First Committee

Isolationist organization founded by Senator Gerald Nye in 1940 to keep the United States out of World War II.

**Selective Training and Service Act of 1940**

Legislation requiring men between the ages of 18 and 35 to register for the draft, later expanded to age 45. It was the first peacetime draft in U.S. history.

Lend-Lease Act

Circumvented the cash-and-carry provisions of the Neutrality Acts. The US would lend or lease equipment, but no one expected the recipients to return the used weapons and other commodities.

Tripartite Pact

1940 mutual defense agreement between Japan, Germany, and Italy.

Attack on Pear Harbor

December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet stationed at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. This surprise air and naval assault killed more than 2,400 Americans, seriously damaged ships and aircraft, and abruptly ended isolationism by prompting U.S. entry into World War II.

Winston Churchill

Prime minister who signed the Atlantic Charter a lofty statement of war aims that included principles of freedom of the seas, self determination, free trade, and “Freedom from fear and want”-Ideals that laid the groundwork for the establishment of a post war United Nations.

War Powers Act

1942 act passed after the attack on Pearl Harbor. It authorized the president to reorganize federal agencies any way he thought necessary to win the war.

Military-Industrial Complex

The government-business alliance related to the military and national defense that developed out of World War II and greatly influenced future development of the U.S. economy.

Tuskegee Airmen

African American airmen who overcame prejudice during World War II. They earned fame escorting U.S. bomber aircraft in Europe and North Africa.

Double V

The slogan African Americans used during World War II to state their twin aims to fight for victory over fascism abroad and victory over racism at home.

Zoot Suits Riots

Series of riots in 1943 in Los Angeles, California, sparked by white hostility toward Mexican American teenagers who dressed in zoot suits — suits with long jackets with padded shoulders and baggy pants tapered at the bottom.

Internment

The relocation of persons seen as a threat to national security to isolated camps during World War II. Nearly all people of Japanese descent living on the West Coast were forced to sell or abandon their possessions and relocate to internment camps during the war.

D-Day

June 6, 1944 invasion of German-occupied France by Allied forces. The D Day landings opened up a second front in Europe and marked a major turning point in World War II.

Island-Hopping

This strategy, employed in the Pacific by the U.S. in World War II, directed American and Allied forces to avoid heavily fortified Japanese islands and concentrate on less heavily defended islands in preparation for a combined air, land, and sea invasion of Japan.

Yalta Agreement

Agreement negotiated at the 1945 Yalta Conference by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin about the fate of postwar Eastern Europe. The Yalta Agreement did little to ease growing tensions between the Soviet Union and its Western Allies.

Manhattan Project

Code name for the secret program to develop an atomic bomb. The project was launched in 1942 and directed by the United States with the assistance of Great Britain and Canada.

Holocaust

The Nazi regime’s genocidal effort to eradicate Europe’s Jewish population during World War II, which resulted in the death of 6 million Jews and millions of other “undesirables” — Slavs, Poles, Gypsies, homosexuals, the physically and mentally disabled, and Communists.

Harry Truman

Was replaced to be the vice president Senator of Missouri, who was more acceptable to Southern Voters.

Curtis Lemay

Combined his airforces with MacArthur ground troops and Nimitz naval forces to overwhelm Japan

Chester Nimitz

Directed the US pacific Fleet from Hawaii toward Japanses-occupied islands in the western pacific. Naval forces.

Dwight Eisenhower

American general stopped at the Elbe River, where he had agreed to meet up with Red Army troops who were charging from east to Berlin.

Douglas MacArthur

His troops had escaped from the Philippines as Japanese forces overran the islands, in May 1942, planned to regroup in Australia, head north through New Guinea, and return to the Philippines. His ground troops would combine and overwhelm Japan.

George Patton

US army officer who was an outstanding practitioner of mobile tank warfare in the European and Mediterranean theaters during WW2.

When was D-Day?

June 6, 1994.

When was Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941.