Lipid Metabolism

These flashcards provide an overview of key concepts related to lipid metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation, triacylglycerol storage, and associated metabolic disorders.

What is the primary aim of the lipid metabolism lectures?

To understand how we derive energy (ATP) from fats through fatty acid oxidation.

What are the key objectives of the lipid metabolism lectures?

To explain how fat is broken down, transported, activated, and oxidized, and the potential life-threatening disorders from fatty acid oxidation errors.

What are triacylglycerols (triglycerides) primarily stored as in the body?

They are stored as fat in adipose tissue.

What major site uptakes triacylglycerols?

Intestines (diet), liver, adipose tissue, and muscle.

How are fatty acids transported in the bloodstream?

Bound to albumin to prevent them from dissolving membranes.

What is the main function of the carnitine shuttle?

To transport long-chain fatty acyl CoAs into the mitochondria.

What is produced during the beta-oxidation of palmitate (C16:0)?

7 FADH2, 7 NADH, and 8 acetyl CoA.

What are the effects of deficiencies in carnitine metabolism?

Life-threatening conditions such as hypoglycemia, liver damage, and cardiomyopathy.

Why are fatty acids considered a highly efficient energy storage form?

They are hydrophobic and can be stored dry, unlike glycogen that holds a significant amount of water.

What are inborn errors of metabolism related to fatty acid metabolism?

Genetic defects that impair fatty acid oxidation, leading to severe metabolic disruptions.