Studied by 51 peopleEvolution
The changing of organisms and life over time
Fossils
Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms
Artificial selection
Selective breeding where nature provides the inherited variations
Which two geologists proposed important hypotheses about Earth changing?
James Hutton and Charles Lyell
What did Hutton and Lyell conclude that was previously debated on?
That the earth was extremely old.
What was Hutton’s concept called?
Deep time
What was Lyell’s way of thinking called?
Uniformitarianism
Define uniformitarianism.
The geological processes we see today are the same processes that shaped earth years ago.
Who suggested that individual organisms could change during their lifetimes by selectively using or not using parts of their bodies?
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Who reasoned that if the human population grew unchecked, there wouldn’t be enough living space and food for everyone?
Thomas Malthus
What was the ship that Darwin sailed on?
The HMS Beagle
Why was Darwin on the Beagle?
He was invited to keep the captain company.
Who developed a theory of biological evolution that offered a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life?
Charles Darwin
What were Darwin’s observations from the voyage?
Species vary globally, locally and over time
What did Darwin notice about habitats around the globe?
That different, yet ecologically similar, species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe.
Define creationism.
The church’s belief that God made everything
Define epigenetics.
Some genes can be changed and passed on.
What did Malthus think human population was limited by?
War, famine & disease.
What did Darwin notice about species within local areas?
That different, yet related, species often occupied different habitats within a local area.
Where did Darwin explore different species?
The Galapagos islands
What were some species Darwin studied?
Finches, tortoises, and mockingbirds.
What did Darwin note about fossils?
That the fossil record included many extinct animals that were similar to, yet different from, living species.
What are some examples of things evolutionary theory helped us understand?
Emergence of drug resistant bacteria or influenza
What three species of birds found globally are similar?
Rhea, Emu & Ostrich
Who’s theory was it that population grows faster than food supply?
It was Malthus’ theory.
What is differential reproductive success?
Many die and only a few survive and reproduce.
What kind of animal did Darwin experiment with and make “fancy unusual versions” of?
Pigeons
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