Chapter 10

Intermolecular Forces

When does gemoetry and arrangememnt matter in polarity

in non-linear molecuels

Vector

has direction and magnitude

Can dipole moments cancel eachother out to become non polar

yes

Where does bond polarity work

within molecules

What does intramolecular forces mean

molecules within itself

What does intermolecular forces mean

molecules reacting with molecules

What does intermolecular forces determine

physical properties

What are the 5 types of intermolecular forces

• dispersion

• Dipole - induced dipole

• dipole-dipole

• hydrogen bonding

• ion-dipole

What is the strongest intermolecular force

dispersion

Whst is dispersion

when like charges repel eachother

What happens with e- charges in dispersion reactions

as the molecules approach each other, the e- reppels causing a slight positive and slight negative on opposite sides of the molecule

What does the \\\\\\ mean in molecule figures

the molecule is going backward in the plane

What does the block arrow mean in molecular figures

the moleucle is coming out of the plane at you

What are molecules with induced dipoles said to be

polarized

what is the polarizability related to

the size of the moleucle

What does polarized mean

it has dopoles/ positive and negative charges

How do you measure size on the periodic table

as you go down the molecules get larger

How does dispersion forces relate to size

the dispersion force is stronger with larger molecules

are larger molecules more polar or less polar

more polar

Do more polar molecules have larger dispersion forces or smaller dipsersion forces

larger dispersion forces

Do molecules with high masses have a larger size or smaller sizer

larger size

What is an isomer

Molecules that have the same chemical equation but different physical structures

What does surface area tell us about dispersion forces

larger the surface are the stronger the disperson force

What does boiling point tell us about dispersion force

the higher the boiling point the stonger the dispersion force

Do polar molecules always have dipoles

yes

Why are dipole dipole forces stronger t

becuause they always have dipoles

Is it easier to polaraize a molecule with a polar or non polar molecule

a polar molecule

What are dipole induced dipole forces

when a polar moleucle polarizes a non polar molecule

What do ionic compounds interact with strongly

polar molecules

What is the stronges intermolecular force

ion dipole forces

What is an ion

a molecule with a positive or negative charge

What do ion dipole forces cause ionic solids to do in polar solvents

dissolve

Why do ionic solids dissolve in polar solvents

becuase the anion or cation has a charge strong enough to pull off an element of the opposite charge

Solvation

ions surrounded by H2O or other solvent molecules

What type of force is hydrogen bonds

dipole - dipole force

What does hydrogen bonding occur between

highly polar molecules with a hydrogen

What are common hydrogen bonds

N-H, O-H, F-H

What does hydrogen bonding do to boiling points and melting points

it creates very high numbers

What does boiling point increase with

size

How is dispersion related to electrons

more electrons = stronger dispersion

How can you rank the intermolecular forces

Weakest: non polar
Polar
Strongest: Polar with O-H, F-H, N-H

How does solubility relate to size

the larger the moleucle the less soluble