Chemistry I - Basic and Inorganic Concepts

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the Chemistry I lecture notes, focusing on basic and inorganic chemistry principles.

Hydrogen (H)

The first element on the periodic table with an atomic mass of roughly 1.00794.

Helium (He)

The second element on the periodic table, an inert gas with an atomic mass of around 4.003.

Lithium (Li)

The third element on the periodic table, a soft metal with an atomic mass of 6.941.

Sodium (Na)

An element with atomic number 11, an alkali metal with an atomic mass of 22.98977.

Chloride ion (Cl-)

An anion formed when chlorine gains an electron.

Ionic bond

A bond formed between oppositely charged ions, such as sodium ions and chloride ions in sodium chloride (NaCl).

Covalent bond

A bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Hydrogen bonding

Weak interactions between polar molecules that occur when hydrogen is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom.

Dehydration synthesis

A chemical reaction where monomers are joined by the removal of water molecules.

Hydrolysis

A process wherein a compound is broken down by the addition of water.

pH scale

A scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Monomer

A small molecule that can join together with other molecules to form a polymer.