CHapter 8

Internet of things

phenomenon of connecting the physical world to the internet, in contrast to the Internet of people that connects us humans to each other through technology.

IoT is growing exponentially (3)

- Hardware is smaller, affordable, most powerful

-Availability of BI tools

-New an interesting use cases are emerging virtually every day \`

IoT technology infrastructure 4 major blocks

-Hardware
-Connectivity
-Software backend
-Application

IoT technology infrastructure 4 major blocks -Hardware

physical devices, sensors, and actuators where data is produced and recorded

IoT technology infrastructure 4 major blocks - Connectivity

Base station or hub that collects data from the sensor laden objects and sends that data to the cloud

IoT technology infrastructure 4 major blocks - Software backend

Software backend manages connected networks and devices and provides data integration

IoT technology infrastructure 4 major blocks - Application

Data is turned into meaningful info

Radio frequency identification (RFID)

genetic technology that refers to the use of radio frequency waves to identify objects

Radio frequency identification (RFID) - potential advantages

Prompted ....

prompted many companies to aggressively pursue this technology as a way to improve their supply chain and this reduce costs and increase sales

How does RFID work? RFID system consists of (4)

-tag
-interrogator
-one or more antennae attached to the reader
-computer

Passive tags

receive energy from the electromagnetic field created by the interrogator and backscatter info only when it is requested

Active tags

have a battery on board to energize them

RFID - most common used data representation

Electronic product code (EPC)

Application of RFID

supply chain management

Used by companies to improve either the efficiency or effectiveness of various existing processed by incremental process change

Fog computing

address issue of the data that was produced by sensors is huge

Fog computing extends ...

the cloud to be closer to the things that produce and act on IoT data

Fog computing

Analyzing data close to the devices ...

minimizes latency

Fog computing (2)

Conserves ...
is crucial in ...

Conserves bandwidth

Is crucial in situations when data need to be analyzed in less than a second

Managerial considerations in the IoT (3)

Organizational alignment

Interoperability challenges

Security

Cloud computing

a model for enabling convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort of service provide interaction

Data as a service (3)

Any business process ...

Began with notion that data quality ...

Customer can move ...

Any business process can access data wherever it resides

Began with notion that data quality could happened in a centralized place, cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems

Customer can move quickly thanks to simplicity

Software as a service (SaaS)

Allows consumers to use applications and software that run on distant computer in the cloud infrastructure

Platform as a service (PaaS)

Companies can deploy their software and applications in the cloud so that their customers can use them

Companies dont have to manage resources

'Reduces the cost of maintaining underlying infrastructure

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Clients can run their application and have admin rights to use these resources but do not manage underlying infrastructure

Virtualization - technology for cloud computing

creation of a virtual version of something like an operating system or server

Virtualization - technology for cloud computing types

network virtualization
storage virtualization
server virtualization

Virtualization - technology for cloud computing typesnetwork virtualization

splitting of available bandwidth into channels, which disguises complexity of the network by dividing it into manageable parts

Visualization - technology for cloud computing (3) -storage virtualization

Pooling of physical storage from multiple network storage devices into a single storage devices that can be managed from a central console

Virtualization - technology for cloud computing types server virtualization

Masking of physical servers from server users

Cloud deployment models (3)

Private cloud
public cloud
hybrid cloud

Cloud deployment models (4) - Private cloud

Can be called internal cloud or corporate cloud

Operated solely for a single org having a mission critical workload and security concerns

Provides the same benefits as a public cloud like service, scalability, changing computing resources on demand

Cost is expensive

Cloud deployment models - public cloud

Managed by service provider

Main advantage of this public cloud model is saving time and money in setting up hardware and software

Cloud deployment models - hybrid cloud

gives businesses great flexibility by moving workloads between private and public cloud

Analytics as a service (AaaS) (6)

-Cloud based delivery model where various BI and data analytics tools can help companies in better decision making and get insights from their huge amount of data

-Covers all functionality aspects from collect data from physical devices to data visualization

-Provides an agile model for reporting and analytics to businesses so they can focus on what they do best

-AaaS combines aspects of cloud computing with Big data analytics and empowers data scientists and analysts by allowing them to access centrally managed info data sets

Explore info data sets more interactively and discover richer insights more rapidly

AaaS in the cloud has economies of scale

Geospatial analytics

Consolidated view of the overall performance of a organization is usually represented through the visualization tools that provide actionable info

Employ visual maps that are geographically mapped and based on the traditional location data, usually grouped by postal codes

Geographic information systems (GIS)

used to capture, store, analyze and manage data linked to a location using integrated sensor technologies, global positioning systems installed in smartphones, or through RFID deployments in the retail and healthcare industries

Real time location intelligence

By analyzing and learning from these large scale patterns of movement, it is possible to identify distinct classes of behaviors in specific contexts. Approach allows a business to better understand its customer patterns and make more informed decisions about promotions.

Privacy

right to be left alone and the right to be free from unreasonable personal intrusion

Collecting info about individual - two effective tools

cookies and spyware

New organizational units

Possibility of creating an analytics department, a BI department in which analytics play a major role

Data scientist

use a combination of their business and technical skills to investigate Big Data, looking for ways to improve current business analytics practices and hence to improve decisions for new business opportunities