SHS 485 Exam 2 Study Guide Spring 2026 - Rogalsky

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and definitions relevant to the SHS 485 Exam 2 study guide.

Aphasia

A language disorder caused by brain damage, affecting speech comprehension, production, and repetition.

Semantic Paraphasia

A type of paraphasia where a person substitutes a word with another word that has a similar meaning.

Phonemic Paraphasia

A type of paraphasia where a person substitutes a word with a phonetically similar but incorrect word.

Paragrammatism

A linguistic error in aphasia characterized by the incorrect use of grammatical structures.

Agrammatism

A form of aphasia in which the speaker omits function words and grammatical morphemes, leading to telegram-like speech.

House Model of Aphasia

A conceptual model to illustrate different aspects of language processing, though it has limitations in explaining all forms of aphasia.

Broca's Aphasia

A type of non-fluent aphasia associated with damage to Broca's area, characterized by reduced speech output and grammatical issues.

Wernicke's Aphasia

A type of fluent aphasia characterized by impaired comprehension and the production of nonsensical speech.

Conduction Aphasia

A type of aphasia resulting from damage to the arcuate fasciculus, leading to difficulties in repeating phrases.

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

A non-fluent aphasia that preserves repetition; often associated with damage in the frontal lobe.

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

A fluent aphasia characterized by preserved repetition abilities despite poor comprehension.

Anomic Aphasia

A type of aphasia where individuals have difficulty recalling words, especially nouns and verbs.

Bilingual Aphasia

A form of aphasia affecting individuals who speak multiple languages, with unique recovery patterns.

Generalization in Bilingual Aphasia

The transfer of skills from one language to another during recovery from bilingual aphasia.

Interference in Bilingual Aphasia

The negative influence of one language on another, affecting recovery and communication.

TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury)

A brain injury resulting from external force, leading to functional impairments.

CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy)

A progressive neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated head trauma.

Language Deficits in TBI

Common impairments in language abilities that reflect broader cognitive deficits following traumatic brain injury.

Dementia

A collection of symptoms affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities significantly enough to interfere with daily life.

Comparison of Dementia and Normal Aging

Dementia involves progressive cognitive decline, while normal aging may include mild memory issues without significant impairment.

Stages of Dementia

The early stage involves mild cognitive loss, the middle stage sees increased memory loss and confusion, and the late stage results in severe cognitive decline.