THERMODYNAMICS - CH1

CHAPTER 1

Thermodynamics

A branch of physical science that deals with various phenomena of energy and the related properties of matter, especially, the law of transformation of heat into energy and vice versa.

Engineering Thermodynamics

A branch of thermodynamics that focuses on engineering, analyzing, and designing systems that benefecially utilizes energy.

Newton's Law of Motion

The acceleration of a particular body is directly proportional to the resultant force and inversely proprtional to its mass.

Acceleration

A unit force is that one produces a unit acceleration in a body of unit mass

Mass

____ of a body is the absolute quantity of matter in it.

Weight

It is the force of gravity on a body.

when g = k

When is mass and Weight equal?

At sea level surface or near the surface of the earth

Where is mass and weight equal?

Density

____ of a body is the mass per unit volume

Specific volume

It is the volume on the unit mass.

Specific Weight

It is the weight per unit volume.

specific weight, density

Since the ______ _____ is to the local acceleration of gravity, as the ______ is to the standard acceleration. (Answer format: _____, _____)

Fahrenheit and Celsius

What are the ordinary temperature?

Rankine and Kelvin

What are the Thermodynamic Temperature or Absolute Temperature?

mass flow rate

It is the mass of a substance that passes through a specific area per unit of time.

Volume flow rate

It is the volume of fluid that passes through a given cross-sectional area per unit time.

Pressure

It is the normal force per unit area.

760 mmHg, 29.92 in Hg, 14.7 psi, 1 atm

What are the standard reference atmospheric or barometric pressure?

Gage Pressure

It is the defect or excess of absolute pressure over atmospheric pressure.

Vacuum Pressure

It is the defect or excess of atmospheric pressure over the absolute pressure

Manometer

It is a pressure-measuring instrument in the form of U-tube

Open-Type Manometer

It is used to measure the pressure in a vessel or flow-tube.

barometer

It is used to measure atmospheric pressure, sometimes called barometric pressure.

Specific gravity

_____ _____ of a substance is the ratio of specific weight or density of the substance to that of water.

Closed-Type Manometer

It is used to measure the pressure difference between two flow lines or vessels.

Law of Conservation of Mass

It states that mass is indestructible.