Studied by 5 people
age of refon
c. 1520
Luther’s 95 theses are posted on the door of the Wittenberg Castle
c. 1520
Luther debate John Ecks, a theologian, on the authority of the pope. Ulrich Zwingli begins his teaching of Protestantism in Switzerland.
c. 1520
Pope Leo I excommunicates Luther. Luther declared an outlaw by Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms.
c. 1520
Peasants’ rebellion in Germany partly stirred by Luther’s writing. Luther condemns their actions.
c. 1530
Henry VII Of England petitions Pope Clement II for a divorce from Catherine of Aragon.
c. 1530
German Lutheran princes meet at the Diet of Speyer to protest imperial decrees against their faith and the Marburg Colloquy happened between Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli at this time.
c. 1530
Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Crammer annuls the marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.
c. 1530
Ulrich Zwingli killed.
c. 1535
The Act of Supremacy recognizes Henry VIII as the head of the Church of England. The English Reformation is complete.
c. 1535
John Calvin publishes The Institutes of Christian Religion in Geneva.
c. 1540
Six Articles are passed by the British Parliament reaffirming many sacraments of the Catholic Church.
c. 1540
The Jesuits founded by Ignatius Loyola (1534) are recognized and encouraged by Rome to fight the spread of Protestantism.
c. 1540
John Knox begins the Calvinist Movement in Scotland.
c. 1545
Pope Paul III calls the Council of Trent, which reaffirms traditional Catholic doctrines on seven sacraments and authority of the pope.
c. 1550
Parliament repeals the Six Articles.
c. 1550
The British Parliament adopts the Anglican mass and Book of Common Prayer as the models for the new state religion.
c. 1555
Peace of Augsburg allows German princes the right to choose the religion of their subjects. There is no mention of Calvinism.
c. 1560
Elizabeth I of England ascends to the throne and reigns for 45 years.
c. 1570
William of Orange leads a rebellion against Spanish powers.
c. 1585
William of Orange is assassinated.
1588
Spanish Armada is defeated by the English.
c. 1590
Reign of Henry of Navarre (Henry IV of France) begins; he converts to Catholicism in 1593.
1598
Edict of Nantes is passed, granting religious toleration to the French Protestants (Huguenots).
1618
The Thirty Years War Begins.
1620
Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II defeats the Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain.
c. 1630
Gustavus Adolphus, Swedish Protestant King, wins a military victory at Luetzen, though he is fatally wounded.
1648
Peace of Westphalia is signed; Thirty Years War ends and the Netherlands wins independence from Spain.
1509
Erasmus writes in Praise of Folly
1572
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, where French Catholics killed French Huguenots during the French Wars of Religion.
