Lecture on Red Blood Cell Pathology

These flashcards cover the key concepts and details from the lecture notes on red blood cell pathology, including normal development, abnormalities, and types of anemia.

Blood cells first appear during the third week of fetal embryonic development in the __________.

yolk sac.

Hematopoietic stem cells most likely arise from the __________ of the intraembryonic aorta/gonad/mesonephros region.

mesoderm.

Before birth, the primary site of hematopoiesis is the __________.

liver.

From birth to puberty, hematopoiesis primarily occurs in the __________.

bone marrow throughout the body.

After puberty, red marrow primarily resides in the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, skull, pelvis, and __________.

proximal epiphyseal regions of the humerus and femur.

A __________ is a pluripotent stem cell that can give rise to various blood cells, including lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets.

B Cell.

The first step of normal erythropoiesis involves the production of __________.

Proerythroblast.

Reticulocytes are red blood cells that still contain remnants of __________.

RNA.

Anisocytosis refers to __________ of red blood cell size.

abnormal variation.

Spherocytes result from a decrease in red blood cell __________.

membrane.

Target cells may be indicative of __________.

hemoglobinopathies.

Bite cells are formed when red blood cells have portions of cytoplasm removed by __________.

splenic macrophages.

A decrease in __________ concentration in blood is associated with iron deficiency anemia.

hemoglobin.

A decrease in the total circulating RBC mass is characterized as __________.

anemia.

For men, normal hemoglobin levels range from __________ g/dL to __________ g/dL.

13.6 to 17.2.

The average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells is the __________.

mean cell hemoglobin concentration.

Increased bilirubin levels may lead to __________ in patients with hemolytic anemia.

jaundice.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria results from a deficiency of __________.

decay accelerating factor.

Hemoglobin S in sickle cell disease arises from a mutation that substitutes __________ for __________ at the sixth position of the β-globin chain.

valine; glutamic acid.

Complications of sickle cell disease include __________ and __________.

autosplenectomy; vaso-occlusive crises.

In β-Thalassemia major, patients often require __________ due to severe anemia.

blood transfusions.

Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by __________ MCV and __________ MCHC.

decreased; decreased.

Aplastic anemia is often associated with __________ and __________.

pancytopenia; bone marrow failure.