Chapter 16 - Infancy to Old Age

Neonatologists

physicians who are pediatric subspecialists in disorders of the newborn, particularly ill, or premature infants

Pediatricians

physicians who are specialists in disorders of childhood and adolescence

Geriatricians

physicians who are specialists in the process of and problems of aging

Gerontologists

physicians who are specialists in the process and general problems of aging

Geriatric Nurse Practitioners

nurses with special training in the care of the elderly

Adaptation

change in the function of structure of an organ or organism to meet new conditions

Adapt (v)

to change in function or structure to meet new conditions

ation

S-process

adapt

R-to adjust

Anomaly

Greek-irregularity

structural abnormality presence at birth

Anomalies (pl)

plural of anomaly

Apgar Score

Virginia Apgar, US anesthesiologist, 1909-1974

evaluation of a newborn's status

Fetus

Latin-offspring

human organism from the end of the eighth week after conception through birth

Fetal (adj)

pertaining to the fetus

al

R-pertaining to

fet

R-fetus

Maturity

a state of full development or growth

Mature

fully developed

ity

S-condition or state

matur

R-ripe or ready

Neonate

a newborn infant

Neonatal (adj)

pertaining to the newborn infant or the newborn period

Neonatologist

medical specialist in disorders of the newborn

ne/o

CF-new

nat/e

CF-born

nat

R-born

logist

S-one who studies

Pediatrics

medical specialty of treating children during development from birth through adolescence

Pediatrician

medical specialist in disorders of childhood and adolescence

ics

S-knowledge

iatr

R-medical treatment

ped

R-child

ician

R-expert

ASD

atrial septal defect

autism spectrum disorder

CVS

cardiovascular system

HMD

hyaline membrane disease

PDA

patent ductus arteriosus

RDS

respiratory distress syndrome

SIDS

sudden infant death systrome

TOF

tetraology of Fallot

TTN

transient tachypnea of the newborn

VSD

ventricular septal defect

Cyanosis

blue discoloration of skin, lips and nail beds due to low levels of oxygen in the blood

Cyanotic (adj)

pertaining to or marked by cyanosis

osis

S-condition

cyan

R-blue

tic

S-pertaining to

cyan/o

CF-blue

Dyspnea

difficulty breathing

Dyspneic (adj)

pertaining to or suffering from difficulty in breathing

dys

P-bad or difficult

pnea

R-breathe

ic

S-pertaining to

Fallot

Etienne Louis Arthur Fallot, French physician, 1850-1911

first described the tetralogy of the four heart defects

Hyaline Membrane Disease

respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn

ine

S-pertaining to

hyal

R-glass

membrane

R-cover

dis

P-apart from

ease

R-normal function

In Utero

within the womb; not yet born

uter/o

CF-uterus

Meconium

Greek-a little poppy

the first bowel movement of the newborn

Patent

Latin-lie open

open

Precipitate Labor

Latin-to throw down headlong

Latin-toil or suffering

a very rapid labor and delivery

Surfactant

a protein and fat compound that creates surface tension to hold the lung alveolar walls apart

Suction

Latin-sucking

use of a catheter to clear the upper airway or other tubes

Tetralogy

a set of four congenital heart defects occurring together

tetra

P-four

logy

R-study of

SFD

small for date

Anencephaly

born without cerebral hemispheres

an

P-without

encephaly

R-condition of the brain

Bifid

Latin-split into two

separated into two parts

Spina Bifida

Latin-backbone

failure of one or more vertebral arches to close during fetal development

Cleft Lip

Latin-fissure or separation of parts

congenital defect of the upper lip

Cleft Palate

Latin-fissure or separation of parts

congenital defect of the palate

Craniofacial

pertaining to both the face and the cranium

crani/o

CF-cranium

faci

R-face

Dysplasia

abnormal tissue formation

Dysplastic (adj)

pertaining to or showing abnormal tissue formation

ia

S-condition

plas

R-molding or formation

Encephalocele

congenital defect of the cranium with herniation of brain tissue

cele

S-swelling or hernia

encephal/o

CF-brain

Hydrocephalus

enlarged head due to excessive CSF in the cerebral ventricles

hydro

P-water

cephalus

R-head

Hypothermia

very low core body temperature

hypo

P-below

therm

R-heat

Microcephaly

small head

Microcephalic (adj)

pertaining to or suffering from a small head

micro

P-small

cephaly

R-condition of the head

Myelocele

protrusion of the spinal cord through a defect in the vertebral arch

myel/o

CF-spinal cord