Organ Systems

integumentary

Organs: Skin, Hair, Nails
Functions:

• Protects internal body structures from injury and pathogens

• Prevents water loss

• Acts as a sensory organ (touch, heat, cold, pain)

Skeletal System

Organs: Bones, Cartilage, Joints
Functions:

• Supports and protects the body

• Enables movement (with muscles)

• Produces blood cells in bone marrow

Muscular System

Organs: Skeletal Muscles, Tendons
Functions:

• Works with skeleton to move the body

• Generates heat for body temperature regulation

• Moves substances (food, pupils, childbirth contractions)

Nervous System

Organs: Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves
Functions:

• Controls thoughts, emotions, memory, and consciousness

• Gathers sensory information

• Directs body movements and maintains homeostasis

Endocrine System

Organs: Adrenal Glands, Pancreas, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Testes, Ovaries
Functions:

• Regulates body processes using hormones

• Controls growth, metabolism, stress, reproduction, and blood sugar

Cardiovascular

Organs: Heart, Blood Vessels
Functions:

• Transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones

• Removes waste products (like CO₂)

• Works with respiratory and digestive systems

Lymphatic System

Organs: Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels, Spleen, Thymus
Functions:

• Maintains fluid balance by returning leaked fluid to blood

• Filters lymph and blood for pathogens

• Produces immune cells to fight infection

Respiratory System

Organs: Lungs, Nasal Passage, Trachea
Functions:

• Brings oxygen into the body

• Removes carbon dioxide

• Works with the cardiovascular system for gas exchange

Digestive System

Organs: Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Liver, Gall Bladder
Functions:

• Breaks down and processes food

• Absorbs nutrients

• Eliminates indigestible waste

Urinary System

Organs: Kidneys, Urinary Bladder
Functions:

• Filters wastes from blood and forms urine

• Maintains water and electrolyte balance

• Helps regulate blood volume and pressure

Reproductive System

Male Organs: Testes, Epididymis
Female Organs: Ovaries, Uterus, Mammary Glands
Functions:

• Produces sex hormones and gametes (sperm and eggs)

• Supports embryo and fetus (female)

• Produces milk for infant nourishment (female)