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Anatomy and Physiology 24-25, Ms.Naughton
Different ways language is used to communicate with others.
Reading, writing, speaking, body language, facial expressions, tone, gestures,
Wernike’s Area
The recognition of spoken/written language. Usually in left hemisphere. Plans speech, and transmits it to Brocas Area.
Brocas Area
Motor execution of speech, (muscles of lips, cheeks, tongue, larynx). Same hemisphere as Wernicke’s Area.
Emotional Aspects of Brocas and Wernikes.
Emotional aspects of language = mirror location of Wernicke and Brocas. Changes here = more monotone speech, harder to recognize tone.
Lesion
Local injury from infection, trauma, cancer, stroke.
Aphasia
Inability to produce language, due to lesions in Wernickes Area and Brocas Area
Lesions to Broca’s Area
Non-fluent aphasia. Slow speech, difficulty saying words.
Lesions to Wernicke’s Area
Normal pace of speech but use made up words.
Contralateral Neglect Syndrome
In parietal lobe, people are unaware of objects on the other side of their body → extreme = not recognized/use limbs on opposite side
Agnosia
Lesion in temporal lobe, inability to recognize familiar objects. When extreme, may not recognize faces.
Blindness
Lesion in occipital lobe
Lesions in fronal lobe:
Personality, judgement, expression of emotion.
Phineas Gage
At first he convulsed, then got up and he was talking before he went to the doctor. After a few months, he healed as much as he could, got another job, but had personality changes.
Synaptic Plasticity
Changing neuronal pathways, change in response to experiences, could make tasks easier or harder, depending on changes. (adding, removing a hearing pathway)
Synaptic Potentiation
Making transmission of impulses faster. especially in repeated activities.
Potentiation
Increased impulse strength along previously used pathways.
Areas with Memory
Hippocampus(organizes), Cerebellum (motor skills) , Amygdala (emotional memory)
Immediate Memory
Gives impressions of flow of events, seconds.
Short term memory
Seconds to hours, limited in size and number especially if we stop repeating/reciting infor or get distracted .
