Allied Health Final

Health care

maintenance or improvement of health through the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, recovery or cure of disease, illness, or, injury

Ancient Egyptians

which historical group were the first to keep and maintain accurate medical records?

Ancient Chinese

which historical group were the first to record the use of medicine and have a holistic approach?

Ancient Greeks

which historical group stressed diets and cleanliness to prevent disease?

Ancient Romans

which historical group were the first to organize medical care for soldiers?

Middle Ages

when was the bubonic plague?

cost containment

control of rising cost of health care while achieving the max benefit for every dollar spent

technological advancements, aging population, and lawsuits

What are the 3 biggest factors contributing to rising costs in healthcare?

Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs)

method of classifying diagnoses into specific payment categories

combination services

health care agencies join together to share services to provide to a large number of people at a decreased cost

mass or bulk purchasing

buying necessary equipment in bulk to reduce cost

outpatient services

medical treatment without hospital admission

early intervention and preventative services

care before acute or chronic disease occurs

biotechnology

use of genetic and biochemical processes or living systems to develop or modify useful products

genomics

study of all genes in human genome

genomic testing

use of tests to check for the presence of specific genes known to cause disease

pharmacogenomics

using a person's genome to choose drugs and doses likely to work for that individual

proteomics

study of structure and function of proteins

stem cell research

study of cells capable of becoming any type of specialized cell

nanotechnology

techniques to manipulate atoms and molecules to create new materials

residential care, extended care/skilled care, independent living and assisted living

what are the three types of long-term care facilities?

clinics

specialized outpatient health care facilities

urgent or emergency care clinic

first aid or emergency care to ill or injured individuals

health insurance

insurance coverage that pays for medical expenses

premium

amount of money that you or your employer pays per month for the insurance plan

deductible

amounts that must be paid by the patient for medical services before the policy begins to pay

co-insurance

requires that a specific percent of expenses are shared by the patient and the insurance company, usually after deductible is met

co-payment

a predetermined amount of money a patient pays at the time of service regardless of the amount of the service

out-of-pocket maximum

limit of what a patient pays in one year

medicare

health care for individuals over 65, or individuals with a disability who have received social security payments

medicaid

operated by state governments, pays for health care of individuals with low incomes, children who qualify for public assistance, and individuals who are legally blind or disabled

tricare

department of defense health care program for military personnel

EMT

provide general care for range of illness and injuries

Doctor of Medicine

diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases or disorders

doctor of osteopathic medicine

treats diseases/disorders, pertaining to the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems, focus of whole body healing, more holistic approach to medicine

psychiatrist

doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating mental illness

psychologist

study human behavior to help individuals with everyday behavior

registered nurse

provide total care to patient under supervision of physician, administers medication and treatments, documents patient progress, assess patient needs

dietitian

manage food service systems, assess patient nutritional needs, evaluate health conditions, diagnose eating disorders, plan menus, teach proper nutrition and special diets

nutritionist

teach clients about general nutrition and health properties of foods, cannot diagnose disease

hearing loss, visual imparities, physiological barriers, cultural diversity

what are 4 barriers to communication?

use sight, smell, touch, and hearing

How do you record and report information as a health care worker?

subjective observation

cannot be seen or felt, usually symptoms or statements of complaint

objective observations

can be seen or measured, signs

culture

values, belief, attitudes, language, symbols, rituals, behaviors, and customs unique to a particular group of people and passed from one generation to the next

cultural diversity

differences among individuals based on cultural, ethnic, and racial factors

acculturation

process of learning beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and assuming some of the characteristics

criminal law

deals with the wrongs against a person, property, or society

civil law

legal relationship between people and the protection of a person's rights

tort

a civil wrong, wrongful act that does not involve a contract

malpractice

failure of a professional to use the degree of skill and learning expected in a profession, resulting in injury, loss, or damage to the person receiving care

negligence

failure to give care that is normally expected of a person in a particular position, resulting in injury of a person

assault and battery

threat or attempt to injure (assault), unlawful touching of another without consent (battery), often used together

Invasion of privacy

part of HIPPA, unnecessarily exposing an individual (physical invasion of privacy), revealing personal information without consent (informational invasion of privacy)

false imprisonment

restraining or restricting an individual's freedom without authorization

abuse

physical harm, pain, or mental anguish

psychological abuse

threatening harm, denying rights, intimidating, ridiculing, belittling, threatening to release information

Defamation

false statements that cause ridicule or damage to reputation

slander

spoken information

libel

written information

HIPPA

1996, required establishment of standards to protect health information

signed contract

Abiding by HIPPA, you need a _______ before medical records are shared for diagnosis, treatment, billing, insurance claims, family members, etc.

dorsal cavity

one long, continuous cavity in the back of the body (spinal and cranial)

ventral cavity

larger than dorsal cavities, 2 cavities separated by diaphragm

thoracic cavity

located in the chest, contains the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and heart

abdominal cavity

Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, and other organs

pelvic cavity

contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and last part or large intestine

integumentary system

pertaining to the skin, covers the body and organs, contains several kinds of tissue

skeletal system

bones, joints, ligaments, and cartilage

muscular system

bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissues

nervous system

complex system that coordinates all activities of the body to respond and adapt to changes

special senses

systems that have organs dedicated to the senses

cardiovascular system

transports nutrients, oxygen, and waste throughout the body

lymphatic system

works in conjunction with the blood to remove wastes and excess fluid from tissues

respiratory system

responsible for taking in oxygen and removing CO2

Digestive system

responsible for physical and chemical breakdown of food so it can be taken to the bloodstream and distributed to body cells and tissues

urinary system

removes waste and excess water from the body

endocrine system

group of glands that secrete substances into the bloodstream

physical, mental/cognitive, emotional, social

what are the 4 main types of growth and development during life stages?

infancy

what stage of life does the most dramatic and rapid changes in growth?

adolescence

what stage of life do growth spurts and puberty happen?

early adulthood

what stage of life is motor coordination at its peak?

hospice

a home providing care for the sick, especially the terminally ill.

hypertension

high blood pressure

atherosclerosis

narrowing of arteries due to an accumulation of fatty substances in blood vessels

diabetes

metabolic disease caused by an insufficient section of use of insulin leading to an increased level of glucose in the blood

malnutrition

the state of poor nutrition

essential nutrients

chemical elements found in food used by the body to perform body functions

carbohydrates

major source of readily useable energy and structural material, commonly called starch or sugars

lipids

large class of organic compounds, basis for energy, insulation, and protection

triglycerides

energy storage, temperature regulation, protection, and structural material

sterols

cholesterol, chemical messages (hormones)

saturated fats

solid at room temperature, found in animal based foods

polyunsaturated fats

soft or oil at room temperature, found in plant based foods

proteins

basic components of all body cells, used for building and repairing tissue, regulating body functions, preventing disease, and providing energy

vitamins

essential organic compounds important for metabolism, tissue building and regulation of body processes

minerals

inorganic elements found in all body tissues

digestion

process by which the body breaks down food into smaller parts and changes food chemically as it moves through the digestive system

absorption

blood or lymph capillaries pick up digested nutrients and carried to every cell in the body by circulatory system

metabolism

process in which nutrients are used by cells to building tissue, providing energy, and regulating body functions