DHO chapter 22, 9th edition, nurse assistant skills

alignment

positioning body parts in relation to each other to maintain correct body posture

pressure ulcers (decubitus ulcer)

pressure sore, or bedsore

contracture

tightening or shortening of a muscle

dangling

positioning the patient in a sitting position with their feel and legs over the side of the bed

mechanical lifts

special devices used to move or transfer a patient

mitered corners

special folding technique used to secure linen on a bed

closed bed

bed that is made following the discharge of a patient

open bed

a bed with the top sheets fanfolded to the bottom

fanfolding

folding in accordion pleats

occupied bed

a bed that is made while the patient is in bed

bed cradle

a device placed on a bed to keep the top bed sheets from touching parts of the patient’s body

personal hygiene

care of the body including bathing, back care, perineal care, oral hygiene, hair and nail care, and shaving

complete bed bath (CBB)

a bath in which all parts of a patient’s body are bathed while the patient is confined to bed

Partial bed bath

A bath in which some parts of a patient’s body are bathed while the patient is confined to bed

Oral hygiene

care of mouth and teeth

Edema

swelling; excess amount of fluid in the tissues

Dehydration

insufficient amounts of fluid in the tissues

Intake and output records (I&O)

records that note all fluids taken in or eliminated by a person in a given period of time

urinate

to expel urine from the bladder

micturate

another word for urinate

void

to empty the bladder

defecate

to evacuate fecal material from the bowel

catheter

a rubber, metal, or other type of tube that is passed into a body cavity and used for injecting or removing fluids

urinary-drainage unit

special device used to collect urine and consisting of tubing and a collection container usually connected to a urinary catheter

ostomy

a surgically created opening into a body part

stoma

the opening of an ostomy on the abdominal wall (allows waste to be expelled)

ureterostomy

formation of an opening on the abdominal wall for drainage of urine from a ureter

ilesotomy

a surgical opening connecting the ileum (small intestine) and the abdominal wall

colostomy

an artificial opening into the colon

urine specimen

a sample of urine for medical testing

clean-catch (midstream) specimen

urine specimen in which urination is begun before catching the specimen in the specimen cup

24-hour urine specimen

special urine test in which all urine produced in a 24-hour period is collected in a special container

stool (feces) specimen

a sample of feces for medical testing

occult blood

blood that is hidden

restraints

protective devices that limit or restrict movement

preoperative care (pre-op)

care provided before the surgery

operative care (peri-op)

care provided during the surgery

postoperative care (post-op)

care provided after the surgery

anesthesia

prevention of pain by way of loss of sensation

binders

special devices applied to hold dressings in place, provide support, apply pressure, or limit motion

surgical (elastic) hose

elastic or support hose used to support leg veins and increase circulation

sequential compression devices (SCDs)

devices that continually inflate and deflate compression hose on the legs to stimulate circulation in the legs

Montgomery straps

special adhesive strips that are applied when dressings must be changed frequently at a surgical site

Wound VACs

medical devices that apply negative pressure to a wound to promote healing and prevent infections

postmortem care

care given to the body immediately after death