70-413 Test Bank, Lesson 10, Configuring IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing | Quizlet

2. As defined by the original Internet Protocol standard, what are the three classes of IP addresses used for networks, and what differentiates them?
a. Class A, B, C, differing by how many bits distinguish the networks from the hosts
b. Class 1, 2, 3, differing by how many bits distinguish the networks from the hosts
c. Class A, B, C, differing by the number in the first byte
d. Class 1, 2, 3, differing by the number in the first byte

Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref:
Explanation: The three classes are Class A, Class B, and Class C, differing by the number of allowable hosts and networks, which is deterred by the number of bits for the subnet mask. The subnet mask associated with IP addresses can vary, as can the number of bits used to identify the network and the host.

3. What is an example of Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) in IPv4?
a. An address from the 192.168.0.0/16 or the 172.16.0.0/12 networks
b. The process of discovering, offering, requesting, and acknowledging an IP address from a DHCP server.
c. A Windows workstation assigns itself an address on the 169.254.0.0./16 network
d. An address from the fc00::/7 address block

Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
Explanation: Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is the name assigned by Microsoft to a DHCP failover mechanism used by all current Microsoft Windows operating systems. On Windows computers, the DHCP client is enabled by default. If, after several attempts, a system fails to locate a DHCP server on the network, APIPA takes over and automatically assigns an address on the 169.254.0.0/16 network to the computer. The system then uses the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to ensure that no other computer on the local network is using the same address.

4. Given the IPv6 address: 21cd:001b:0000:0000/8, what does the "/8" at the end signify?
a. number of address bytes
b. network bits
c. number of hosts per this network
d. number of possible networks

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Expressing IPv6 Network Addresses
Explanation: IPv6 network addresses use the same slash notation as CIDR to identify the network bits. In this case, the /64 signifies the network bits.

1. What is a Network-layer routing technology that enables a group of workstations to share a single registered address?
a. Network Address Translation
b. Proxy Server
c. ISATAP
d. IPv6

Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Using Network Address Translation
Explanation: NAT is a Network-layer routing technology that enables a group of workstations to share a single registered address. A NAT router is a device with two network interfaces: one connected to a private network and one to the Internet. When a workstation on the private network wants to access an Internet resource, it sends a request to the NAT router.

5. Certain IPv6 addresses can be contracted. Which of the following answers is the contracted form of 21cd:0053:0000:0000/64?
a. 21cd:53::/32
b. 21cd::53::/64
c. 0:21cd:53::/64
d. 21cd:53::/64

Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Expressing IPv6 Network Addresses
Explanation: When an IPv6 address has two or more consecutive eight-bit blocks of zeroes, you can replace them with a double colon, as follows (but you can use one double colon only in IPv6 addresses). You can also remove the leading zeros in any block where they appear. IPv6 has no subnet masks. Network addresses use the same slash notation as CIDR to identify the network bits.

6. What is the primary benefit of the IPv6 address space over the IPv4 address space?
a. number of possible hosts and networks
b. motive to update and upgrade hardware and software
c. complexity
d. length

Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Section Ref: Understanding IPv6 Addressing
Explanation: As most administrators know, IPv6 is designed to increase the size of the IP address space, thus providing addresses for many more devices than IPv4. The 128-bit address size of IPv6 allows for 2^128 possible addresses, an enormous number that works out to over 54 million addresses for each square meter of the Earth's surface.

7. In general terms, there are three ways a computer receives an IPv4 or IPv6 address. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
a. manual allocation
b. peer allocation
c. stateless address autoconfiguration
d. dynamic allocation

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Assigning IPv6 Addresses
Explanation: The processes by which you assign IPv6 addresses to network computers are similar to those in IPv4.
As with IPv4, a Windows computer can obtain an IPv6 address by three possible methods:
· Manual allocation: A user or administrator manually supplies an address and other information for each network interface.
· Self-allocation: The computer creates its own address using a process called stateless address autoconfiguration.
· Dynamic allocation: The computer solicits and receives an address from a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv6) server on the network.

8. Rather than manually assign IPv6 addresses to computers, how can administrators ensure each Windows computer receives a link-local unicast address upon starting?
a. Booting
b. CIDR
c. Stateless IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration
d. Site-local unicast addressing

Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Stateless IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration
Explanation: When a Windows computer starts, it initiates the stateless address autoconfiguration process, during which it assigns each interface a link-local unicast address. This assignment always occurs, even when the interface is to receive a global unicast address later. The link-local address enables the system to communicate with the router on the link, which provides additional instructions.

9. What is the technology intended to help transition IPv4 networks to IPv6, by expressing IPv4 addresses in IPv6 format?
a. Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
b. 6to4
c. tunneling
d. CIDR

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Configuring Tunnels Automatically
Explanation: The 6to4 mechanism essentially incorporates the IPv4 connections in a network into the IPv6 infrastructure by defining a method for expressing IPv4 addresses in IPv6 format and encapsulating IPv6 traffic into IPv4 packets. To enable IPv4 links to function as part of the IPv6 infrastructure, 6to4 translates public IPv4 addresses into IPv6 using the following format.

10. What is a tunneling protocol that emulates an IPv6 link using an IPv4 network, primarily for Windows workstation operating systems?
a. ISATAP
b. NAT
c. DirectAccess remote networking
d. Teredo

Answer: a
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Configuring Tunnels Automatically
Explanation: Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) is an automatic tunneling protocol used by the Windows workstation operating systems that emulates an IPv6 link using an IPv4 network.

11. What encapsulates IPv6 packets within User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagrams between two registered IPv4 nodes in order to traverse IPv4 networks?
a. ISATAP
b. 6to4
c. IPv4
d. Teredo

Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Configuring Tunnels Automatically
Explanation: Teredo enables devices behind non-IPv6 NAT routers to function as tunnel endpoints. To do this, Teredo encapsulates IPv6 packets within Transport-layer User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagrams, rather than Network-layer IPv4 datagrams, as 6to4 does.

12. What is a subnetting method that enables you to place the division between the network bits and the host bits anywhere in the address, not just between octets?
a. ISATAP
b. NAT
c. CIDR
d. Teredo

Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Explanation: Because of that wastefulness, classful addressing was gradually obsolesced by a series of subnetting methods, including Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR). CIDR is a subnetting method that enables you to place the division between the network bits and the host bits anywhere in the address, not just between octets.

13. How does Classless Inter-Domain Routing help reduce waste of IP addresses?
a. subnetting method also called variable length subnet masking
b. subnetting method that divides between network bits and host bits anywhere, not only between octets
c. uses network address translation
d. converts between IPv4 and IPv6

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Explanation: Because of that wastefulness, classful addressing was gradually obsolesced by a series of subnetting methods, including Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR). CIDR is a subnetting method that enables you to place the division between the network bits and the host bits anywhere in the address, not just between octets.

14. What is an example of a valid IPv6 address
a. 192.168.42.1
b. 21cd:0053:0000:0000:e8bb:04f2:003c:c394
c. 192.256.1.42
d. 21cd:53::::e8bb:4f2:3c:c394

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Understanding IPv6 Addressing
Explanation: Instead of the four 8-bit decimal numbers separated by periods that IPv4 uses, IPv6 addresses use a notation called colon-hexadecimal format, which consists of eight 16-bit hexadecimal numbers, separated by colons, as follows: XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

15. What is an example of a valid IPv4 address?
a. 21cd:0053:0000:0000:e8bb:04f2:003c:c394
b. 192.263.42.1
c. 192.29.1.42
d. 21cd:53::e8bb:4f2:3c:c394

Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Section Ref: Understanding IPv4 Addressing
Explanation: The IPv4 address space, as you probably know, consists of 32-bit addresses, notated as four 8-bit decimal values from 0 to 255, separated by periods, as in the example 192.168.43.100. This is known as dotted decimal notation, and the individual 8-bit decimal values are called octets or bytes.

1. What are the two segments called which make an IPv4 address?

An IPv4 address is a 32-bit address of two parts, the host bits and the network bits, also known as the subnet mask.

2. Give two examples of Windows Server 2012 services which support IPv6 addressing.

The Remote Access role in Windows Server 2012 supports IPv6 routing and advertising, and the DHCP Server role supports IPv6 address allocation.

3. In IPv4 addressing, the loopback address is 127.0.0.1. What is the loopback address for IPv6?

0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 or more commonly shown as ::1

4. Because of the difficulties working with IPv6 addresses manually, what are the more prevalent ways to assign an IPv6 address?

Either by stateless IPv6 address autoconfiguration or assigned by DHCP v6

5. How do IPv6 multicast addresses always start?

Multicast addresses always begin with an FP value of 11111111, in binary, or ff in hexadecimal.

6. Are IPv6 unique local unicast addresses routable within and outside an organization?

IPv6 unique local unicast addresses routable within an organization, but not outside the organization. IPv6 unique local unicast addresses are the IPv6 equivalent of the 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16 private network addresses in IPv4.

7. What is the IPv4 broadcast equivalent for the IPv6 address space?

IPv6 has no broadcast transmissions, and therefore no broadcast addresses.

1. What is the primary reason IPv6 has not completely replaced IPv4?
a. Administrators are hesitant and reluctant to change.
b. Stopgap technologies such as Network Address Translation (NAT) and Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR).
c. IPv4 addresses have only been depleted since early 2011.
d. IPv6 has already completely replaced IPv4 on the Internet

Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Planning an IP Transition
Explanation: Many enterprise administrators are so comfortable working with IPv4 addresses that they are hesitant to change. Network Address Translation (NAT) and Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) have been excellent stopgaps to the depletion of the 32-bit IP address space for years, and many would like to see them continue as such. However, the IPv6 transition, long a specter on the distant horizon, is now suddenly approaching at frightening speed, and it is time for administrators not familiar with the new technologies to catch up—or be left behind.

2. Your company environment includes Windows Server versions 2003, 2008 and 2012. Desktops range from Windows XP and Vista. To transition to IPv6, what versions have IPv6 support running by default?
a. Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012 and Vista
b. All but the Windows 2003 servers.
c. Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP both include support for IPv6, but they do not install it by default.
d. Only Windows Server 2012 has IPv6 running by default.

Answer: a
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Using a Dual IP Stack
Explanation: Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP both include support for IPv6, but they do not install it by default. To configure these operating systems to use IPv6, you must install the Microsoft TCP/IP version 6 protocol driver in the Local Area Connection Properties sheet. In this IPv6 implementation, the two networking stacks are completely separate, except for the Physical layer. The IPv4 and IPv6 drivers each have a separate implementation of the upper-layer protocols. Later versions of Windows have separate IPv4 and IPv6 implementations, but they share the same stack at the upper layers.

3. Given the IPv6 address: 21cd:0053:0000:0000/64, what does the "slash 64" at the end signify?
a. the square of the number of address bytes
b. network bits
c. number of hosts per this network
d. number of possible networks

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Section Ref: Expressing IPv6 Network Addresses
Explanation: IPv6 network addresses use the same slash notation as CIDR to identify the network bits. In this case, the /64 signifies the network bits.

4. What is Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)?
a. ISATAP converts IPv4 address for an IPv6 network just as 6to4 offers.
b. ISATAP emulates an IPv6 link for use on an IPv4 network.
c. ISATAP is a method of multicasting for IPv6 networks.
d. ISATAP translates between IPv4 and IPv6 networks without client configuration.

Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Section Ref: Configuring Tunnels Automatically
Explanation: Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) is an automatic tunneling protocol used by the Windows workstation operating systems that emulates an IPv6 link using an IPv4 network.