E3

Recombinant DNA Technology

A technique used to isolate and manipulate DNA from different biological sources.

Restriction Enzymes

Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, generating restriction fragments.

Vectors

Plasmids used to carry DNA to be cloned.

Cloning

The process of making identical copies of DNA or cells.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A method used to rapidly amplify, or copy, small segments of DNA.

Recombinant DNA

Artificially manipulated DNA formed by joining DNA from different sources.

Gene Editing

The process of making precise changes to the DNA of an organism.

cDNA Library

A collection of clones representing the expressed genes in a cell at a certain time.

Blue/White Selection

A method used to identify recombinant plasmids based on the color of colonies on agar.

Transgenic Organism

An organism that has been genetically modified to contain a gene from another species.

Gene of Interest

A specific gene that is studied or manipulated within recombinant DNA technology.

Homologous Recombination

A method of genetic recombination that occurs between similar or identical DNA sequences.

Epigenetics

The study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence.

RNA interference (RNAi)

A biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation.

Blotting Techniques

Methods used for transferring DNA or RNA onto membranes and detecting them with probes.

Ames Test

A test used to assess the mutagenic potential of compounds by observing their effects on bacteria.

Transcription Factors (TFs)

Proteins that help regulate the transcription of DNA into mRNA.

Double-Strand Break repair

A mechanism to repair breaks in both strands of DNA that can lead to mutations.

Tumor suppressor genes

Genes that regulate cell division and prevent tumor formation.

Proto-oncogenes

Normal genes that can become oncogenes when mutated, leading to cancer.