Process and Product Design & JIT Systems

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to process and product design as well as just-in-time systems.

Process

How to transform input into output.

Facility Layout Types

The arrangement of resources in a facility to optimize workflow, including process layout, product layout, cell layout, and fixed-position layout.

Product Design Basics

The process of defining all of the product's characteristics, including idea development, product screening, preliminary design, testing, and final design.

Just-in-Time (JIT) Manufacturing

A production strategy aimed at reducing flow times within production systems and response times from suppliers and to customers.

Pull System

A production approach that relies on customer demand to drive production, as opposed to pushing products based on forecasts.

Kanban System

A visual production control system that manages workflow and inventory levels based on demand.

Quality of Conformance

The degree to which a product conforms to its specified requirements.

Continuous Improvement

A philosophy that focuses on enhancing processes and products through small, incremental changes.

Cell Layout

A layout design that groups different machines to work on a product in one area, promoting efficiency.

Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

A production system that allows for quick changes in the product type without extensive downtime.

Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

A tool for translating customer needs into specific technical requirements for a product.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

An organization-wide approach to continuously improving the quality of products and services.

DMAIC

A data-driven quality strategy used to improve processes, standing for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control.

3D Printing

An additive manufacturing process that creates a three-dimensional object by layering materials based on a digital model.

Process Capability Index (Cp)

A measure of a process's ability to produce output within specified limits, calculated by comparing specification width to process width.

Internal Failure Costs

Costs associated with defects found before the product is delivered to customers, including scrap and rework.

External Failure Costs

Costs related to defects found after a product has been delivered, including repairs, returns, and lost sales.

Six Sigma

A set of techniques and tools for process improvement, aiming for near perfection with only 3.4 defects per million opportunities.