Ch. 35 Types of Dental Handpieces

How much RPM does a low-speed handpiece have?

10-30K RPM

What powers the low-speed handpiece?

electricity-driven

What ends are accepted by the low-speed handpiece?

-accepts LT shank burs with a contra-angle attachments

-accepts HP shank burs with a LAB straight attachment

-accepts prophy angle attachments for performing coronal polishing

-accepts HP (LAB) shank burs without an attachment

What motions can a low-speed handpiece operate?

forward and reverse

What are the intraoral uses of the low-speed handpiece?

removal of soft decay, fine finishing of cavity prep., finishing/polishing restorations, coronal polishing

What are the extraoral uses of the low-speed handpiece?

shaping temporary crowns, adjusting dentures & Ortho. appliances

How much RPM does a high-speed handpiece have?

40-450K RPM

What powers the high-speed handpiece?

air-pressure driven

High-speed handpieces may require what kind of lighting?

fiber optic lighting

High-speed handpieces may require what kind of mechanism?

a chuck mechanism (“key”) to place/remove burs

High-speed handpieces have what kind of coolant system?

a water coolant system that can provide a wash-field technique

What shank type is only accepted by the high-speed handpiece?

accepts FG shank burs only AND no attachments

What are the uses of the high-speed handpiece?

initial tooth entry, removes bulk of decay, rapidly cuts filling/cavity prep. & crown prep., removes old restorations

What allows the head of the handpiece to turn?

a turbine or gear mechanism that allows the handpiece to turn when a high pressure air line is attached

Rheostat

foot-operated pedal that runs the handpiece

What is the shank of the bur?

the portion of the bur that is placed into the chuck mechanism of the handpiece

Friction Grip (FG) - Shank

fits in high-speed handpieces

Latch Type (LT) or (RA) - Shank

fits in low-speed contra angle handpieces

Straight Shank (HP) - Shank

fits in low speed straight LAB handpieces (non-clinical use)

What is the neck of the bur?

attaches the shank to the head of the bur

What is the head of the bur?

the working end of the bur

Three shank types __, __, & __

-LT/RA (latch-type/right angle)

-FG (friction grip)

-HP (straight shank LAB bur)

Cutting carbides come with ___ cutting flutes

6

Finishing carbides come with at least ___ cutting flutes

12

Diamonds (gross reduction burs) are available in only what shank type?

FG shank only and only fits in high speed handpieces

Diamonds (gross reduction burs) come in what type of grits?

coarse, medium, fine & extra-fine grit (determined by size of diamond particles)

Abrasives (Final finishing & polishing) can come in what type of style?

discs

What are sandpaper discs made of?

made with quartz or garnet particles

How many times can a sandpaper disc be used?

one-time use, then disposed of

Sandpaper discs require a snap-on what?

requires a snap-on mandrel

Diamond burs are used during…

-crown prep., for rapid reduction of tooth structure

-polishing and finishing composite restorations

-cutting off / cutting out old restorations

-occlusal adjustment

Diamond bur grit: Coarse

fast-cutting

Diamond bur grit: Medium-Coarse

moderate cutting

Diamond bur grit: Fine

refines and smooths

Diamond bur grit: Extra-Fine

contouring and finishing composite

What are cutting burs also known as?

tungsten carbide cutting burs

Cutting burs are available in what shank types?

available in ALL types

HP, LT/RA, & FG

What do Cutting burs have on their working ends?

they have blades or flutes on their working ends

What do FG cutting burs cut?

cut natural tooth structure (very quickly)

Cutting burs have 6 flutes on their head leaving a…

rough finish to the surface when used

What are cutting burs used for?

-Creating class I-V filling outline preparations

-Removing failing restorations

-Removing dental caries

What are finishing burs also known as?

tungsten carbide finishing burs

Fluted burs have _x/_x number of flutes as…

2x/3x number of flutes (cutting edges) as tungsten carbide cutting burs

Finishing burs are available in what shank types?

available in ALL types

HP, LT/RA, & FG

What are finishing burs used for?

-1st burs used to finish(polish) composite and gold

-Final contouring of restorative dental materials

Mandrels are

attachments / accessories

Mandrels are available in what shank types?

HP and LT/RA types available

What accessorie(s)/attachmemt(s) are Mandrels used with?

-Polishing discs/finishing discs

-Stones

-Rubber points

Finishing and polishing discs are

attachments / accessories

What texture are finishing and polishing discs (abrasives) like?

sandpaper

What do finishing and polishing discs attach to?

mandrels

Finishing and polishing discs are available in what shank types?

LT/RA only

Finishing and polishing discs grits range from…

coarse, medium, fine, superfine

What are the uses of finishing and polishing discs?

-contouring/finishing composite

-smooth/polish composite

-polish metal restorations

Stones are

attachments / accessories

Stones (maximum abrasion) - Red, gray, and black stone coloring represents what?

metal restorations

Stones (maximum abrasion) - White stone coloring represents what?

composite, porcelain

Rubber points (polishing) do what?

polish grooves of metal restorations

What colors do rubber points come in?

greenies, brownies