The Wars of Religion in France and Europe

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the Wars of Religion in France and Europe.

Huguenots

French Calvinists who agitated for rights and recognition in France.

Catherine de Medici

Mother of Charles IX, ruled France and sought to suppress Huguenot influence.

Massacre of Vassy

The event in 1562 that ignited the French Wars of Religion.

Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre

A 1572 event where thousands of Huguenots were killed in Paris.

Henry of Navarre

Leader of the Huguenots who later became Henry IV of France.

Edict of Nantes

The 1598 decree granting religious tolerance to Huguenots in France.

Iconoclasm

The destruction of religious images, significant in the context of the Dutch Revolt.

Spanish Armada

The fleet sent by Philip II of Spain to invade England, ultimately defeated in 1588.

Thirty Years' War

A major European conflict that began in 1618 and shifted from religious to political motivations.

Defenestration of Prague

The act of throwing two of Ferdinand's messengers out a window, sparking the Thirty Years' War.

Peace of Augsburg

The 1555 agreement allowing German princes to choose their territory's religion, limited to Catholicism and Lutheranism.

Gustavus Adolphus

The Swedish king who led Protestant forces to victory in the Thirty Years' War.

Peace of Westphalia

The 1648 treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War and marked the decline of the Holy Roman Empire.