Physics Terms

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Uniform circular motion

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37 Terms

1

Uniform circular motion

motion in a circle at a constant speed

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2

Centripetal force

the force necessary to make an object move in a circle directed towards the center

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3

Centripetal acceleration

the acceleration caused by centripetal force

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4

Gravity

the attractive force that exists between all objects which have mass

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5

Period

the time it takes for an object in uniform circular motion to travel through one full circle

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6

Frequency

the number of times per second an object in uniform circular motion travels around the circle

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7

Energy

the ability to do work

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8

Work

the product of the displacement of an object and the component of the applied force that is parallel to the displacement

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9

Potential energy

energy that is stored and ready to do work

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10

Kinetic energy

energy in motion

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11

First Law of Thermodynamics

energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only change form

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12

Mechanical energy

energy associated with the movement or potential movement of objects

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13

Chemical energy

energy associated with the chemical bonds of a molecule

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14

Electrical energy

energy associated with the motion or potential motion of charged particles

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15

Heat

energy transferred from one object to another due to difference in temperature

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16

Power

the amount of energy expended per second

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17

Momentum

the mass multiplied by the velocity in an object

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18

Law of Momentum Conservation

when the sum of the forces working on a system is zero, the toal momentum in the system cannot change

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19

Recoil velocity

the velocity that an object develops in response to launching another object, which is a result of the Law of Momentum Conservation

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20

Angular velocity

the rate at which the position angle of an object changes in rotational motion

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21

Law of Angular Momentum Conservation

if the sum of the torques on a system equals zero, the angular momentum never changes

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22

Periodic motion

motion that repeats itself regularly

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23

Equilibrium position

the position of an object when there are no net forces acting on it

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24

Restoring force

a force directed towards the system’s equilibrium position, which is applied as a result of the system’s displacement from equilibrium

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25

Amplitude

the max distance away from equilibrium than an object in periodic motion travels

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26

Simple harmonic motion

periodic motion whose period is independent of its amplitude

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27

Wave

a disturbance that propagates in a medium

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28

Transverse wave

a wave whose propagation is perpendicular to its oscillation

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29

Longitudinal wave

a wave whose propagation is parallel to its oscillation

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30

Diffraction

the spreading of waves around an obstacle

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31

Electrostatics

the study of electric charges at rest

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32

Conductor

a substance through which charge flows easily

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33

Insulator

a substance through which charge can’t flow

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34

Law of Charge Conservation

the net amount of electric charge in the universe is constant

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35

Charging by conduction

charging an object by allowing it to come into contact with an object that already has an electric charge

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36

Charging by induction

charging an object without direct contact between the object and a charge

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37

Electrostatic force

the force that exists between two charges at rest

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