FEDERALISM
Definition - The way of organizing a nation so that two or
more levels of government have formal authority
over the land and its people.
Why is it Important?
Constitutional Basis:
Congress, Treaties, State Constitutions,
State Laws
to the government by Constitution are
reserved to the states
Basis of Federalism:
ESTABLISHING NATIONAL SUPREMACY
McCulloch v Maryland - Wanted to tax banks
Brown v Board of Education - Struggle for race equality in education
having race equality
was unconstitutional
INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS TODAY
Dual Federalism - The state and national governments remain
supreme. Both are responsible for some policies.
Cooperative Federalism - Political powers and policy
assignments are shared between
the state and national governments.
Fiscal Federalism - The pattern of spending, taxing, and
giving grants, mainly by the national
government. This is the cornerstone of the
national government’s relations with the
country and world.
Grant System
set by Congress; the amount varies
to support broad programs
local governments
Mandates
no money given
ADVANTAGES | DISADVANTAGES |
---|---|
Increasing access to government | States have different levels of service |
Local problems only solved locally | Local interest counteracts national |
Hard for political parties/interest groups to dominate ALL politics | Too many levels of government; too much money |