New Deal

First Fireside Chat

Reassured the nation of banks and asked Americans to  return money to the banks

Bank Holiday

Temporary halting of all bank operations and called congress into special session 

Emergency relief banking act

Healthy banks could reopen. Loans given to those needing money and closed those too far gone

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Provided jobs to young men to protect the environment.

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

Provided immediate relief  and gave money to states for food, shelter and clothing 

National Youth Administration (NYA)

Supported students and young workers bu providing part time jobs so they could stay in school

Public Works Administration (PWA)

Created jobs through construction which gave income to people while improving infrastructure

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Transform the south economically and socially by building dams, providing electricity and preventing flooding 

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Creates large scale employment. Built roads, airports, buildings. Employed artisans, musicians and writers

Glass-Steagall

Prevented risky banking practices. Separated commercial banking from investment banking and created the FDIC. Reduced speculation and protected depositors 

Federal Deposit Insurance Corps (FDIC)

Protected customers bank money and insured individual bank deposits which increased confidence in banks and reduced bank failures 

Security And Exchange Commission (SEC)

Regulate the stock market by monitoring Wall street to prevent insider trading and fraud which made investing safer and more transparent 

Social Security Act (SSA)

Provided long term security through pensions for the elderly and unemployment insurance. This led to the foundation of America’s social saftey net 

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

Raised farm prices by paying farmers to grow less food. Was controversial because food was destroyed while people were hungry but it increased farm profits 

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

Boosted industry and protected workers by setting minimum wages, setting maximum hours, and recognizing workers right to unionize. Strengthened labor protections (Later seen as unconstitutional)

Huey Long

Won the election of governor in 1928, ambition to help the common people of Louisiana. Increased burden of tax on oil companies and built communial buildings and roads. Launched Share our Wealth Movement with the slogan “Every Man is a King”

Charles Coughlin

“radio priest” who did broadcasts attacking Wallstreet bankers and greedy Capitalists and called for government ownership of key industries during the depression. Was a supporter of FDR but became more critical believeing he failed in social justice 

Francis Townsend

California physician won support for a plan by which government would make a monthly payment of $200 to older americans with the requirement they spend it immediately

Court Packing Scheme

Seen as trying to control the court because FDR wanted ro have each justice who was 70+ get a new justice to join the court

New Deal Coalition

Blacks, women, Native Americans

Frances Perkins

First female cabnit member, secretary of labor. Played a role in social security

Federal positions

women hired as judges + diplomats

Married Women

More enter the workforce

NRA

Minimum wage lowered

FERA

Less women hired

CCC

Only hired men

Indian reorganization Act of 1934

Move from assimilation > autonomy. They were able to govern themselves more

John Collier

Head commission of Indian Affairs

Indian New Deal

Reforms implemented for Native Americans, John Collier increased access to relief programs and employed more Native Americans at the BIA.

FDR appointed

100+ African Americans to government positions

Mary McLeod Bethune

Headed division of negro affairs and national youth administration 

“Black Cabnit”

Advisors for FDR trial brought up issues for African Americans

FDR not fully committed to…

Civil Rights

Radio

Negros crash of the Hindenburg