Criminology Final Study Terms and Definitions - Sociology

Some robbers target people they know, a phenomenon referred to as

acquaintance robbery

failing to provide a child with the care and shelter to which he or she is entitled is called

neglect

which children are most likely to engage in violent behavior

children exposed to violence in the home and who live in a neighborhood with high violence rates

unlike any other crime, in a rape case it is essential to prove that the attack was forced and that no question of _ exist

voluntary compliance

Rape was once considered a sexual offense, but criminologists now view rape as a violent crime, not a forceful expression of sexuality.

true

voluntary or nonnegligent manslaughter refers to a killing committed in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel that provoked violence

true

research has shown that a significant number of adults involved in violent episodes may be suffering from mental illness; however the link between mental illness and violenet episodes is limited at best with juveniles.

false

which of the following statements regarding causes of violence is innacurate

humans, like all other animals lack the inhibition against killing memebers of their own species

Violent acts that vent rage, anger, or frustration are known as:

expressive violence

whats the biggest misconception concerning hate crimes

hate crimes are based upon the act and not the intent behind the act

According to class lecture (embedded video), the risk that someone in your home is a victim of gun violence increases dramatically (not marginally) if a firearm is in the house

true

According to class lecture (embeded video) a sadistic serial rapist will escalate the number of rapes he commits trying to perfect his fantasy image and maximize both the psychologocal and physical suffering of his vicrims

true

when Uconn built husky villafe many years ago, it required all faternities and sororities to give up their off-campus houses and reside in campus housing. This was done, at least part to address which aspect of Greek life that facilities rape and sexual assualt?

little external monitoring

which of the following is are not the traitis of brotherhood mentioned in the Martin and Hummer article on rape and college faterneties

superiority

which children are most likely to engage in violent behavior?

children exposed to violence in the home and who live in a neighborhood with high violence rates

unlike any other crime, in a rape case it is essential to prove that the attack was forced and that no question of - exist

voluntary compliance

voluntary or non negligent manslaughter refers to a killing commited in the heat of passion or during a sudden quarrel that provoked violence.

true

research has shown that a significant number of adults involved in violent episodes may be suffering from mental illness, however the link between mental illness and violent episodes is limited at best with juveniles

false

which of the following statements regarding causes of violence is inaccurate?

humans like all other animals lack the inhibition against killing members of their own species

Wright and Decker found that most armed robberies are motivated by a pressing need for ______.

cash

T/F In cases of spousal abuse, physical abuse is commonly accompanied by mental abuse and coercion.

true

Psychological and emotional abuse that involves the spreading of smears, rumors, and private information in order to harm his or her partner.

relational agression

T/F The Violence Against Women Act allows rape victims to sue in civil court on the grounds that the sexual assault violated their civil rights.

True

T/F The common-law definition of rape is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will.

True

T/F The U.S. Supreme Court overturned the validity of shield laws and ruled that excluding evidence of a prior sexual relationship between the parties violates a defendant’s right to a fair trial.

False

According to Nicholas Groth, which type of rape always involves both sexuality and aggression?

Sadistic

Research indicates a variety of facts about murder. Which of the following is inaccurate?

Females age 65 or older are more likely than males of the same age to be homicide victims.

T/F Violence that is designed not for profit or gain but to vent rage is referred to as instrumental violence.

False

A segment of society in which violence has become legitimized by the custom and norms of that group describes __________.

a subculture of violence

Workplace violence is the third leading cause of occupational injury or death. Who is the typical offender in incidents of workplace violence?

a middle aged white male facing termination

Sally's husband (Mike) wanted her to spend time raising the children, so she gave up her job as a social worker and stayed home…(D) When Sally realized this, she told her children that nobody at school should ever be told what takes place at home.Which trait of the family unit does (D) this represent?

Privacy norm

Sally's husband (Mike) wanted her to spend time raising the children, so she gave up her job as a social worker and stayed home.B) Soon after that, Mike began beating Sally. It was nothing really major, just the occasional bruise on the back when he hit her with a broomstick -- or so Sally told herself.

Denial of Injury

T/F Second-degree murder requires the killer to have malice aforethought, premeditation and deliberation.

False

What is the biggest misconception concerning hate crimes?

hate crimes are based upon the act and not the intent behind the act

Which of the following is / are NOT one of the “traits of brotherhood” mentioned in the Martin & Hummer article on rape and college fraternities?

superiority

The concept of a fraternity having “little sisters” is a reflection of what concept or process?

the commodification of women

What is the Conlict Tactics Scale?

a scale that measure the seriousness of violence in an interpersonal relationship

Which two concepts correspond to the "power-control" theory?

power corresponding to social class, control in the family

Which of the following factors does NOT precipitate hate crimes?

stable economic conditions

Sally's husband (Mike) wanted her to spend time raising the children, so she gave up her job as a social worker and stayed home.E) A few months later, Sally started to realize that the abuse was not all of Mike's fault, after all, she knew that the real people to blame were his parents -- since he was only modeling the same behavior that he experienced growing up in an abusive home himself. Which rationalization does (E) best reflect?

Denial of Victimizer