US History Topic 2

Spanish Early Settlement(s)

Santa fe & Pueblo

French Early Settlement(s)

Quebec & Mississippi River (alliances through intermarriage)

Dutch Early Settlement(s)

NY/New Amsterdam goal- $ gain (more peaceful)

English Early Settlement(s) and their purpose

Jamestown & Plymouth Goal- Eliminate Spain's catholic influence and to gain prestige

Santa fe

Goal = develop wealth for the Spanish crown (slow growing colony) Economy - cattle (ranchos)

Native Americans in Pueblo

alienated by Spanish attempts to eradicate them

Quebec

Colony that was a trading post

Mississippi River

Lead them to the Gulf of Mexico

NY/New Amsterdam

• Goal = Trade

• Mostly male along traded with Na for fur and often Intermarried 1652 New Amsterdam

• Major seaport and government headquarters

• Religiously and ethnically diverse

Jamestown

• Personal profit

• Social mobility

• Problems :Disease & Starvation Enslaved workers

Plymouth

• Religious freedom

• Social mobility

• Problem: Winter took out ppl

French Colonists

Mostly men and they were few

• Christian missionaries

• traders (married natives)

dutch Colonists

more likely to settle trading posts along water ways and less likely to marry natives

Dutch West Indian Co

Had the right to control the region of new amsterdam for profit

British Colonists

• The people were open to opportunities in the Americas

• got land rather than intermarriage

• diverse group of settlers

Corporate colony

Were operated by joint-stock companies, Ex- Jamestown

Royal Colonies

Under the direct authority and rule of the Kings government Ex- Virginia

Propitary colony

Under the authority of approved individuals (the king had ownership)ex-Maryland & Pennsylvania

Act of Toleration

statue granting religious freedom to all Christians ( targeted those who did not believe in Jesus)

Who were the Puritains

People who wanted to make the church of England simpler and purer.-> America for their own religious freedom

Roger Williams

Puritan Minister believed separation of church and state-> being cast out-> Finding Rhode Island

Anne Hutchinson

questioned doctrines (Puritan) Authority believed that individuals could only have salvation through faith and they were not required to follow traditional laws-> went and helped find RI

Quakers

believed religious Authority = individual not in any Bible or other source believed in equality for men and women considered extremest

Virginia House of Burgesses was the first _____

elected assembly dominated by Elite planners

New england colonies Included: (4)

• Massachusetts

• New Hampshire

• Rhode Island

• Connecticut

Middle colonies (4)

• NY

• NJ

• Pennsylvania

• Delaware

Southern colonies (5)

• Maryland

• Virginia

• North carolina

• South carolina

• Georgia

New England Economy

Diverse economy, small scale farming, trade, shipping exported fish/lumber

Middle colonies Economy

Medium scale farming, trade, "breadbasket" region (grains)

Southern colonies Economy

Highly agricultural, large plantations, cash crops ( tobacco rice indigo)

New England Structure

relatively hierarchical, English and Puritans Black- 3% White 97%

Middle colonies Structure

Less hierarchical , Most diversity in regions and nationalities Black-7% White 93%

Southern colonies Structure

Highly hierarchical, few cities, relied on slave labor and servants Black 36% White 64%

Salutary neglect

weak enforcement of British trade laws

Two early self forms of government from the Americas?

Town meetings (New E) Legislatures -House of burgesses- (southern)

Triangular Trade

A system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa

Mercantilism

Economic theory that a Nations power= gold and silver (low imports high exports) Goal-increase mother countries wealth

Navigation Act

(laws) Gave exclusivity to GB in trading so GB would have a profit

Praying Towns

Developed by Puritans in 17th century NE to convert Native Americans (how to give up on civilized culture)

Dominion of New England

King James II combined Massachusetts New England and NY + NJ government and appointed one person to be in charge of the whole region

King Philip's War ( metacom's war)

colonists pushed Westward-> War (tried to unite NA tribes)->British victory

Bacon's Rebellion & Effects

People were angry b/c of class difference, conflict with NA-> rebellion ___ then slavery problems arose

Pueblo Revolt

tribes vs Spain -> Spain driven out -> come back -> ruled less harshly

German immigrants

• Farmlands in Philadelphia

• maintained their language and traditions

• obeyed colonial law

• 6% of colonial population

Scotch-Irish immigrants

• Protestants

• Did not like British

• 7% of colonial population

Monetary System

limited colonies use of money forcing them to use their silver/gold

The Great Awakening

Religious revival in the American colonies (people were encouraged to repent sins)

The Great Awakening Religious impact

sinners= confessed

• helped Spark religious tolerance

• stressed equality between church leaders plus average person

The Great Awakening Political impact

• democratizing

• colonies= religious decisions on their own

• challenged royal authority

Anglicization

the colonial american desire to immitate English society, including English taste in foods, customs, and architecture

Political ex of Anglicization

Royal colonies ruled by appointed officials

Cultural ex of Anglicization

All Colony spoke English plus British books upper class modeled after GB upper class

Economical ex of Anglicization

every colony was tied to the Trade Network

Lower, Upper and Governor

L- elected white male property owners

U- Elected by colonies by king or council

G- elected by the ppl or apointed by the king