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Allusion
a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art
Analogy
drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect
Antecedent
the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers
Antithesis
the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance
Apostrophe
a technique by which a writer addresses an inanimate object, an idea, or a person who is either dead or absent
Balanced sentence
a sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast
Colloquialism
spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech
Complex sentence
a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause
Conceit
a fanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor
Ellipsis
the omission of a word or phrase which is grammatically necessary but can be deduced for the context ("Some people prefer cats; others, dogs.")
Hyperbole
a figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor
Non sequitur
a statement that does not follow logically from evidence
Syllepsis
a construction in which one word is used in two different senses ("After he threw the ball, he threw a fit.")
Syntax
the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences
Ambiguity
unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning
Anaphora
repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses
Argument
a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true
Cacophony
a loud harsh or strident noise
Epithet
a defamatory or abusive word or phrase
Euphemism
an inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive
