religion final

Moses

(Old Testament) the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red Sea on a journey known as the Exodus

Henotheistic

the worship of one god without denying the existence of other gods

Harem

living quarters reserved for wives and concubines and female relatives in a Muslim household

Iron Chariots

used in battle against Deborah, Got stuck in the mud because it was raining, causing Deborah to win the battle

Passover

(Judaism) a Jewish festival (traditionally 8 days) celebrating the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. The night the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites marked by the blood of the lamb.

Covenant

a sacred promise

Aaron

Brother of and spokesman for Moses. He was the first priest of Israel.

Deborah

judge and prophet of the old testament; started a war against the Canaanites. She fought with her army instead of running away and won the battle

Samson

Nazarite, killed many Philistines, couldn't cut hair or he would lose his covenant with God and his strength.

Miriam

Sister of Moses and Aaron

Pharaoh

A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader.

Samuel

He was a prophet and also the last judge.

Saul

The first king of Israel, anointed by Samuel. Later rejected by God.

David

Second king of Israel

Solomon

(Old Testament) son of David and king of Israel noted for his wisdom (10th century BC)

Uriah

wife of Bathsheba, loyal soldier, David gets him killed because he has gotten Bathsheba pregnant and he wants her for himself

Jethro

Moses' father-in-law and advisor

Pharaoh's daughter

finds the infant Moses floating along the river bank in a basket

Mt. Sinai

Where Moses received the Ten Commandments from God

Golden Calf

Hebrews worshiped gold calf and Moses got mad because it is not God

Ephod

Typically in the Old Testament, an ephod was a vestment worn by Hebrew priests; however, in the example connected with Gideon, an ephod was likely an idol fashioned to worship as a false god.

Joshua

A faithful man that replaced Moses as leader; Joshua is the one that was selected to rally the Israelites together, unifying them as a nation, and reconquering the land of Canaan.

Canaan

The promised land, now Israel today

Decalogue

Another name for the Ten Commandments

10 Plagues of Egypt

Blood, frogs, gnats, flies, livestock, boils, hail, locusts, darkness, death of the firstborn

Achan

Took forbidden items from Jericho; was stoned and burned with his family

Gideon

Judge of Israel, defeated Midianites with 300 men; asked for signs with the fleece

major judges

Deborah, Gideon, Samson, Samuel

Delilah

Samson's girlfriend who was bribed by the Philistines to betray him.

Abimelech

son of Gideon; takes over kingdom; kills siblings so that they don't inherit the throne (My father is king)

Naomi

Ruth's mother-in-law

Ruth

Naomi's daughter in law - she was faithful and went to go glean; Has her own book, Was a gentile but converted to Jewidism, Decendent of Jesus

Orpah

Naomi's other daughter in law who listens to Naomi's command to return to her old family in Moab

Boaz

Ruth's husband

Eli

The priest who raises Samuel

Bathsheba

Wife of Uriah, a Hittite soldier working for King David, her adultery with David caused David to murder her husband and evoked the denunciation of the prophet Nathan. She becomes the mother of Solomon.

Nathan

the prophet who corrected King David after his afair with Bathsheba

Goliath

a large person; from the giant from the Philistine city of Gath, slain by David, when he was a shepherd boy

Jesse

Father of David

Barack

Deborah's military commander

Gershom

Moses' son

Rahab

prostitute that hid two spies from Joshua; helps Joshua take over Jericho; is spared by Joshua for hiding his spies

Sisera

The Canaanite general who is defeated by the Israelites (Deborah and Barak) and killed by Jael (tent peg through the skull).

King Jaban

King of Canaanites, was a harsh ruler

Jonothan

Saul's son and David's best friend

Michal

Daughter of Saul; wife of David

Jael

killed Sisera with a tent peg

Prophet

A person who speaks or interprets for God to other people

Isreal

Promised land; land was changed from Cannan after the Israelites took over; was divided into the Northern and Southern Kingdoms after Soloman's death; Samaria was the capital

Assyrians

The powerful empire that took over Israel

True Prophet

reluctant to speak, speaks the truth, conveys a consistent message, unpopular, offers hope, message stands the test of time

Judah

Southern Kingdom

Babylonians

powerful empire that destroyed Jerusalem

Messianic King

king related to the messiah (line of David)

False Prophet

not a real prophet, tells the people what they want to hear, rich and popular

Samaria

Capital of Israel (northern kingdom)

Babylonian Exile

In 586 BC, the Babylonians pillaged Judah, destroyed the Temple and the city of Jerusalem, and banished the people in chains to serve as slaves in Babylon. The Exile lasted until 539 BC.

Ahab

The wicked king of Israel. Led by his Phoenician wife Jezebel, he established the cult of Baal and persecuted the worshipers of the True God.

Elijah

The great prophet who challenged the pagan rulers of Israel. He was taken up to Heaven in a fiery chariot.

Jerusalem

Capital of Israel

Diaspora

the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel

Jezebel

The wicked queen of Israel who persecuted the prophets of the True God. She was a Phoenician, and she was fanatically devoted to the Phoenician god Baal.

Elisha

Successor of Elijah

Dan

Location of one of the 2 shrines in Israel

Isaiah

first major prophet from the south, during the reign of Hezekiah- first reformer king, against the Asyrians, whole Asyrian army died overnight, when he is going to get called on by God he gets purified with hot coals on his mouth, because all his sins were from his mouth (he lied and gossiped)

Feast of Booths

Celebrates God's care for the Israelites during their time in the wilderness

navi

Hebrew word for prophet

nabi

spokesperson or mouthpiece

Bethel

location of one of the 2 shrines in Isreal

Law of Hospitality

he custom of welcoming travelers or strangers into one's home and establishing relationships with them

Profetes

greek word for prophet

Nineveh

Capital of Assyria

Josiah

Faithful King of the Southern Kingdom of Judah, discovered a book in the Temple (Book of Deuteronomy) and implemented reforms to recommit the people to the covenant with God and to eliminate worship of false gods.

Pentecost

The fiftieth day following Easter, which commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit on the early Apostles and disciples.

Major Prophet

has a long book

Jonah

one who brings bad luck; an OT prophet who ran from God and sailed to sea. When a storm arose, he admitted that he was the cause, and the sailors threw him overboard, where he was swallowed by a large fish.

Holiness Code

a listing of edicts of how to stay virtous

Micah

minor prophet, advocated for the poor, didn't like how the higher social classes disrespected the poor

Minor Prophet

writers of smaller works in the Bible like Hosea and Amos

Tekoa

Where Amos is from; city outside of Jerusalem

Jermiah

describes coming of new covenant, to be written in our hearts, one day the covenant with David will be restored

Prophecy of the dry bones

Ezekiel's prophecy, where he was in a valley and bones reassembled themselves and came back to life (could be a literal resurrection or just the idea that Israelite people would return)

Amos

He was a cattle herder and a prophet who was sent to warn the North that they need to treat there people better.

glean

to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers. (gathering leftovers),connected to the story of Ruth

Ezekial

Prophet who promised the jewish people living in exile in Babylon, salvation and a new covenant if they returned to God

Hosea

prophet, represents God, married to Gomer

Gomer

wife of Hosea, represents Israel, has 3 kids with Hosea, often cheats on Hosea

Phylacteries

small boxes containing scripture; worn by some Jewish men for daily prayer

Yom Kippur

a holiday where you are forgiven from all your sins. A goat is killed on this occasion because the goat symbolizes someone’s sins, and they kill the goat so “their sins are forgiven”

Lo-Ruhamah

one of Hosea and Gomer’s kids, name means “not pitied”, only daughter

Shofar

a ram'shorn trumpet used by ancient Jews in religious ceremonies and as a battle signal, now sounded at Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.

587-586 B.C.

Babylon Destruction of the First Temple by Babylonians

Jezreel

Hosea's son: "God scatters," referring to coming judgment

Lo-ammi

(1) Hosea's son

(2) Meaning "not my people"

(3) Symbolizing:

(a) Israel's lost relationship with Yahweh

(b) As a result of breaking her covenant with Him

Hosea's children

Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah, and Lo-Ammi

Hananiah

The false prophet who opposed Jeremiah declaring God had broken the yoke of Babylon

Zephaniah

Minor Prophet, talks about the Reminent.

Shema

prayers that are said when you wake up, when you eat, and when you go to sleep

Mezuzah

a parchment inscribed with religious texts and attached in a case to the doorpost of a Jewish house as a sign of faith.

bread of exile

a warning to the people of Judah showing them the disgusting food they will have to eat during the exile.