Long-Term Memory and Amnesia

Flashcards covering long-term memory, amnesia, types of memory, and consolidation.

Long-term Memory

A type of memory with unlimited capacity and large storage.

Amnesia

Memory loss due to brain trauma.

Varieties of Long-Term memory

Different types of memory within long-term memory, such as declarative and nondeclarative.

Multi Store Model

Atkinson & Shiffrin's model involving Sensory Memory, Short Term Memory, and Long Term Memory.

Sensory Memory

Initial stage that holds sensory input with a large capacity but less than 1 sec duration.

Short Term Memory

Memory stage with a capacity of limited and duration of 30 sec.

Long Term Memory

Memory stage with a large capacity and unlimited duration.

Serial Position Curve

In free recall, more items are recalled from start of list (primacy effect) and end of the list (recency effect).

Primacy Effect

Recall of items from the start of a list due to longer rehearsal and storage in LTM.

Recency Effect

Recall of items from the end of a list because they are still in STM.

Patient KF

A patient with left parietal-occipital lobe damage, resulting in impaired STM but preserved LTM.

Retrograde Amnesia

Loss of pre-trauma memories.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new memories post-trauma.

Declarative Memory

Explicit memory; memory of facts and events.

Nondeclarative Memory

Implicit memory; includes procedural memory, perceptual representation system, classical conditioning, and nonassociative learning.

Episodic Memory

Memory of specific personal experiences from a particular time and place.

Semantic Memory

Memory of world knowledge, object knowledge, language knowledge, and conceptual priming.

Procedural Memory

Memory for skills (motor and cognitive).

Explicit Memory

Conscious memory that can be explicitly recalled.

Implicit Memory

Non-conscious memory that is expressed through performance rather than conscious recall.

Consolidation

The process by which memories become more stable over time, involving synaptic and structural strengthening.