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Han Dynasty time period
206BCE- 220CE
Liu Bang
First Han emperor
starts out as peasant then became a charismatic rebel leader
ruled 20 years
Emperor Wudi
next Han emperor
established the Imperial Academy to allow people to study Confucian texts
most powerful Han emperors
Accomplsihments of Han Dynasty
Established Silk Roads
Government- effective, ruled by emperor and prime minister
Paper was invented
Empire- expanded territory through war, expanded Silk Road
Education- required tests for government officials
Key Events of the Han Dynasty
Gained northwestern territory after at war with the Xiongnu (nomadic people, strong army)
Emperor Wudi sent people to create an alliance against the Xiongnu, Zhang Qian failed his mission but he learned about trade with other societies and brought back info to Wudi which opened the silk roads
Peasants tried to overthrow the capital
Lots of invasions from other places weakened the military
Tang Dynasty time period
618-906
Emperor Taizong
Second emperor during this dynasty
expanded empire
protected silk roads and discouraged invaders
wrote Tang Code (set of laws, taxes, property, Buddhist texts translated)
Emperor Wu
Woman who made her own dynasty (Zhou)
used mythology, Buddhism, and prophecy to justify her rule
Accomplishments of the Tang Dynasty
Buddhism was firmly established in China
Chang’an- cosmopolitan city (diverse people, goods,ideas,arts)
Architecture- wooden buildings, curved tile roofs, raised walkways, bright tiles, gardens
Blend of Korean and Japanese Buddhists, artisans, and poets
Woodblock printing- led to more books, communications revolution. Helped spread education, arts, Buddhism
Key Events of the Tang Dynasty
Emperor Wu overthrown, Tang Dynasty restored but 50 years later a general lead a mutiny against the new emperor
Mutiny failed
Power went from central (emperor) to regional (local leaders, then Song Dynasty was re-established imperial control
Northern Song Dynasty capital
Kaifeng
Southern Song Dynasty Period capital
Hangzhou
Accomplishments of the Song Dynasty
Improvements were made in mapmaking, boatmaking, and
navigational instruments
From trade, people from this dynasty learned more about other people and places
This dynastys coins were spread and used in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
Woman did learn how to read and write
Neo-Confucianism was taught : self development through the study of The Four Books
Key Events of the Song Dynasty
At first Hangzhou was small but then Hangzhou became the largest city in the world
Bi Sheng invented a more efficient printing press
Low cost in books produced a boom in education
This dynasty introduced the world's first paper money
Song Dynasty time period
960-1279
Ming Dynasty time period
1368-1644
Emperor Hongwu
first Ming emperor, overthrew the Mongols and reclaimed China
Zhu Di (Emperor name Yongle)
Hongwu’s son
created a secret service to root out traitor
encouraged publication of Chinese literature
moved capital from Nanjing to Beijing
ordered the building of the Forbidden City
commissioned Zheng He to expand the navy; furthered exploration and trade
Zhengtong
Stopped all new explorations and stay at home
focuses more on China’s heritage, tradition, and legacy
strengthened and extended the Great Wall of China
Confucianism
ancient Chinese belief system
maintains that there are rules about how people should act and treat one another
respect for one's parents, elders, or ancestors.
involves love and kindness, treating others with humanity and altruism
more like a philosophy
Confucius
believed that a return to the beliefs, values, and rituals of the Zhou Dynasty would help heal his own society
advocated his philosophy to create social order and to encourage leaders to be more effective