T/F Questions Vert Zo Exam 2

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The most primitive living vertebrate is the lamprey

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F - Hagfish

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The hagfish is isoosmotic

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239 Terms

1
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The most primitive living vertebrate is the lamprey

F - Hagfish

2
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The hagfish is isoosmotic

T

3
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The hagfish has accessory hearts in arterial system

F - They have accessory hearts in venous system

4
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Lamprey skin is used for leather

F - Hagfish skin

5
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Hagfish heart rates occur with no neural input to the heart (endogenous)

T

6
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The lamprey have a single heart with 1 chamber

F - 2 chambers

7
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Lamprey are more primitive than hagfish

F - they are more advanced

8
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Lamprey are hypoosmotic to freshwater and hyperosmotic to seawater

F - hypo = sea

hyper = fresh

9
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Ammocete live most of lives in larval form

T

10
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Lamprey body fluid is maintained at 300 mOsm

T

11
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Lamprey feed from 1 to 8 years before metamorphosis and parasitic feed 1-3 years before reproducing

T

12
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Osmosis is diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane

T

13
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Sea water is 300 mOsm

F - 1000 mOsm

14
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Freshwater is less than 20 mOsm

T

15
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Mammal body fluid is 600 mOsm

F - 300

16
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Lamprey eat tissue as food

F - fish blood

17
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Hagfish have a keratinized tongue for rasping tissue

T

18
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Lamprey have small tentacles around their mouth for feeling

F - hagfish

19
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Hagfish eat dead or dying fish, marine worms, crustaceans, invertebrates, and other organisms on ocean floor

T

20
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Hagfish have well developed eyes, they are covered by thick skin, and strong smell and touch

F - They have degenerate eyes, they are covered by thick skin, and strong smell and touch

21
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Lamprey have only one nostril and poorly developed eyes

F - Lamprey have only one nostril and well developed eyes

22
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Hagfish have multiple gill openings (more than 7))

T

23
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Hagfish have a primitive lateral line system

T

24
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Hagfish have advanced kidneys

F - primitive

25
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Lamprey have well developed lateral line and kidneys

T

26
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Lamprey have slime glands to secrete mucous as defense

F - hagfish

27
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Hagfish are bottom dwellers, live in deep water, and are scavengers

T

28
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Parasitic lamprey live in freshwater

F - Parasitic lamprey live in marine

29
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Non parasitic lamprey live in freshwater

T

30
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Some lamprey live in freshwater for life

T

31
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Hagfish and lamprey both have a single gonad and use external fertilization

T

32
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Hagfish have no larval stage

T

33
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Lamprey have no reproductive ducts

T - both hagfish and lamprey have no reproductive ducts

34
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Lamprey are anadromous (live marine; reproduce in fresh)

T

35
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Lamprey egg develops into ammocete larva

T

36
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Placoderms appeared before acanthodians

F - acanthodian first

37
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Acanthodians were the first jawed fishes in fossil record

T

38
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Placoderm body covered in thick bony shields

T

39
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First gnathostomes appear in fossil record during Devonian period

F - Silurian

40
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Jaws developed through modification of several sets of the anterior gill arches

T

41
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early jawed fishes had “paired fins” and paired fins greatly enhanced ability to control movement 

T

42
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earliest groups of jawed fishes = chondrictheyes

F - acanthodians + placoderms

43
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Chondrichtheyes first found in late Silurian and Devonian periods

T

44
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Cladoselache: ancient group of sharks from Devonian that became extinct during Jurassic

F - during Carboniferous

45
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cartilage is less supportive than bone, but is flexible and lightweight

T

46
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cartilage helps with controlling movement

T

47
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Sharks:

jawed fish with cartilaginous skeleton

T

48
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Sharks have 600 species while batoids have 500 species

F - Shark = 500 Batoid = 600

49
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Sharks have a homocercal tail

F - hetero

50
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Sharks:

skin with placoid scales

-placoid scales originate from dermis and have dermal scales

T

51
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Sharks:

teeth are modified placoid scales

skin has mucous glands

T

52
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Sharks: tough skin that reduces turbulence when swimming, decrease decay

T

53
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Sharks: placoid scales prevent abrasions, prevents infections, and may decrease predation since it more difficult to catch 

F - Mucous prevent these things

54
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Sharks have multiple rows of teeth that are genus specific and jaws are not firmly attached to the cranium

T

55
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Sharks have 12 pairs of cranial nerves

F - 10

56
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Sharks have both pineal glands and pituitary

T (pituitary = lower, reproduction)

57
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Shark semicircular canals have 4 loops

F - 3

58
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Sharks have a well developed lateral line system,

-mechanoreceptors detect pressure waves 

-sensory pits have ampullae of lorenzini, act as electroreceptors 

-good vision

T

59
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Sharks have mirror like layer behind retina to reflect light and enhance vision in low light

-lens does not move

F - lens moves forward and backwards to focus

60
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Sharks have a gas bladder for buoyancy

F - liver helps with buoyancy since the oil is lighter than water

-fatty liver

61
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Sharks have a 3 chambered heart

F - 2

62
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Sharks pump blood to their body and then gills

F - blood pumped from heart to gills and then to body

63
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Sharks - rectal gland used to secrete concentrated salt solution into cloaca

-retain high levels of urea in body fluids to help maintain the high osmolarity 

T

64
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Sharks are gonochristic

T - seperate sexes

65
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Sharks have paired gonads and reproductive ducts, these ducts connect to cloaca

T

66
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Sharks use external fertilization

F - internal

67
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Males have claspers which are 2 penises

F - claspers are modified portion of pelvic fin

68
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Claspers insert sperm directly

F - claspers guide the sperm into the female cloaca

69
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Sharks are top predator and if they are taken out the ecosystem will flourish.

F - top predator, so taking out the top predator can upset the ecosystem and cause over growth

70
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Sharks have a high fecundity

F - slow growing, slow to mature, and small number of offspring

71
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Nurse sharks live in deep water, are bottom dwelling, and are ovoviviparous

F -shallow water, bottom dwelling

-ovoviviparous

-thin shelled egg

72
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Thresher have a large tail to herd and stun fish. They breach out of the water and can live in both cold and warm water.

T

73
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Thresher are oviparous

F - ovoviviparous

74
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Thresher are oophagous meaning they eat their young.

F - oophagous meaning embryos may eat unfertilized eggs in oviduct

75
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Great white is the largest living predatory shark

T

76
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Great white live in warm waters

F - Cold

77
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Sharks tend to only live in one area and do not travel elsewhere

F - migrate thousands of miles

78
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Great white are ovoviviparous and also oophagous

T

79
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Megalodon is an extinct relative of great white

T

80
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Tiger shark live in cold waters

F - warm waters

81
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Tiger shark have a pointed snout and identifiable stripes

F - Have a blunt snout

82
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Tiger sharks are ovoviviparous

T

83
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Hammerhead has a flattened head, this decreases vision and sense of smell

F - flattened head, enhances vision and olfaction

84
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Hammerhead is ovoviviparous

F - viviparous

85
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Whale shark is the largest living fish

T

86
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Whale shark is a filter feeder and eats near the surface

T

87
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Whale sharks can occur off coast of Alabama/ gulf of mexico and are ovoviviparous

T

88
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Bull sharks are oophagous

F

89
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Holocephali include ratfish/ chimera

T

90
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Holocephali date back to Silurian

F - Devonian

91
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Holocephali :

cartilaginous skeleton, spiral valve in intestine, oil filled liver, claspers in males

T

92
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Holocephali have a detached jaw like sharks

F - -upper jaw is firmly attached to the skull

93
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Holocephali have scales

F - smooth skin that lacks scales

94
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Holocephali have a cloaca

F - do not have a cloaca

95
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Holocephali are marine and live in deep water. They have plate like teeth, large eyes

T

96
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Holocephali are viviparous

F - oviparous

97
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There are more skates and rays than sharks

T

98
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all skates and rays have venomous spines

F

99
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Batoids have modified placoid scales

T

100
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Bull shark lives only in saltwater

F - Euryhaline