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Platyhelminths
A phylum consisting of flatworms, characterized by an unsegmented, dorsoventrally flattened body.
Nematodes
A phylum of roundworms, characterized by a cylindrical body and a pseudocoelom.
Triploblastic
Organisms with three embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Acoelomate
Organisms that lack a coelom or body cavity.
Bilateral symmetry
Symmetry where the body can be divided into two equal halves along one plane.
Protostome
An organism whose blastopore develops into the mouth during embryonic development.
Turbellaria
A class of flatworms that are mostly free-living and non-parasitic.
Trematoda
A class of parasitic flatworms, commonly known as flukes.
Cercomeromorpha
A class of parasitic flatworms, including tapeworms.
Ecdysis
The process of shedding the outer cuticle, common in nematodes.
Protonephridia
A simple excretory apparatus found in flatworms, involved in osmoregulation.
Cephalization
The concentration of sensory and neural organs at the head end of an organism.
Scolex
The head of a tapeworm, equipped with attachment organs such as suckers and hooks.
Hermaphrodite
An organism that has both male and female reproductive organs.
Saprophytes
Organisms that feed on dead organic matter, acting as decomposers.
Diecious
Organisms that have distinct male and female individuals.
Hydrostatic skeleton
A structure found in many soft-bodied animals, providing support based on fluid pressure.
Alimentary canal
A complete digestive tract with a mouth and anus.
Ocelli
Light-sensitive eye spots found in some flatworms.
Lymphatic vessels
Vessels that are part of the lymphatic system, involved in fluid balance and immune response.
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