Life expectancy

Epidemiological Transition

Theory on population changes post-development.

Stages of Epidemiological Transition

Five phases describing health evolution over time.

Pestilence and Famine

First stage with high mortality from diseases.

Receding Pandemics

Second stage with reduced infectious disease mortality.

Degenerative & Man-made Disease

Third stage dominated by non-communicable diseases.

Declining CVD Mortality

Fourth stage with reduced cardiovascular disease deaths.

Aspired Quality of Life

Fifth stage aiming for improved health despite inequalities.

Health Inequalities

Systematic health differences across social groups.

Wider Determinants of Health

Social, economic, environmental factors affecting health.

Dahlgren and Whitehead Model

Framework illustrating layers of health determinants.

NS-SEC Classification

National statistics classifying occupations by social class.

Social Gradient in Life Expectancy

Variation in life expectancy by social class.

Life Expectancy by Ethnicity

Differences in life expectancy among ethnic groups.

Public Health England Fingertips

Resource for health data in England.

Life Expectancy Data Source

Office for National Statistics provides life expectancy statistics.

Health Outcomes

Results of health determinants on population health.

Individual Factors

Personal characteristics affecting life expectancy.

Population Factors

Community characteristics influencing life expectancy.

Contrasting Countries

Comparison of life expectancy in different nations.

Income and Life Expectancy

Correlation between income levels and life expectancy.

Long-term Unemployment

Category affecting life expectancy negatively.

Health Policies

Strategies aimed at reducing health inequalities.