IGCSE BIO 3. movement in and out of cells
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7 Terms
diffusion
net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration, down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement
factors affecting rate of diffusion
temperature, diffusion distance, concentration gradient, surface area
role of water in living organisms
as a solvent (as cytoplasm, for metabolic reactions to happen, for transport, for excretion), makes plant cells turgid and prevent wilting, raw material for photosynthesis
osmosis
net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential, through a partially permeable membrane
when plant cell is in solution with higher water potential…
it becomes turgid
when plant cell is in solution with lower water potential…
it becomes flaccid → plasmolysed
active transport
movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of lower concentration, against concentration gradient, using energy from respiration, involving shape changes of carrier proteins on cell membrane
Note 
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