SSFT Midterm 2022

Aristotle

Work on natural philosophy banned at Univ of Paris because he was thought to contradict scripture.

complexity thesis

the relationship between science and religion cannot be described under one general heading due to its complexity

Auguste Comte

Father of positivistic view of science and articulated the Law of human progress

Richard Dawkins

Biologist who commented on a child's book discussing the complexity of the bombadier beetle which was based on a misunderstanding of science.

Also made the comment that science can't explain miracles- Christians agree

Rene Descartes

interested in emerging science, decided against publishing his manuscript (heliocentric model) he thought he could prove through natural reason

more well known for his philosophical work with his famous saying “cogito, ergo sum”

determinism

Humans don't have freewill, aren't held morally responsible for their actions.

Ectypal knowledge

the knowledge that we have of God as creatures, knowledge that is suitable to our creaturely state...not...archetypal

Albert Einstein

Zionist, after war did not believe in Yahweh, proved matter and energy to be inter changeable

Epistemology

the study of knowledge, what we can know, how we know it (Stump 6 and 7)

exoplanet

a planet that forms from the remains of a former star that was proven by the vibration of light from other stars giving us evidence that there is likely life on other planets

Fine Tuning

It is a design argument that says that the universe is far to improbable to have happened by change and that a creator must have determined or "fine tuned" the features of the universe

Archetypal knowledge

the knowledge that God has of himself and his purposes, which is complete, perfect and exhaustive

Augustine

gave the classical formulation of the handmaiden tradition.

Michael Behe

intelligent design biochemist

Big Bang

a label for the model for our current understanding of the development of the universe

cogito ergo sum

Descartes - limits of human certainty "I think therefore I am"

Conflict

The struggle between Christians and atheist's in understanding each others position.

Conflict thesis

the view that science and religion offer competing accounts and cannot both be correct

cosmic microwave background radiation

electromagnetic radiation that was predicted by Gamow that when used gives us a very different age of the universe than of the Big Bang

cultural relativism

the practice of judging a culture by its own standards

Fusion

The reaction in a star where the nucleus of atoms are colliding with each other at high speeds so the stick together

Galaxy

A massive system of stars held together by gravity.

Galileo

mathematician and scientist from pisa who was threatened with excommunication. Developed heliocentrism

General Revelation

Romans 1, through the creation

Geocentrism

Earth is immobile at the center of the universe

Stephen Jay Gould

American evolutionary biologist that defended NOMA

Half life

The time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay

handmaiden metaphor

claims that secular disciplines should not be studied for their own sakes, but to better understand scripture

That like Hagar to Sarah, the influence of secular studies can help us to understand scripture

heliocentrism

The doctrine that the sun is the center of the universe, later center of the solar system

Edwin Hubble

Discovered that stars that where further away from us were redder than closer stars possibly explained by the Doppler effect and is evidence of an expanding universe.

Independence

Its a view that science and religion are 2 different subject matters that are concerned with different objectives and should be held separate so they do not conflict

Science should not dacite things of religion and religion should not dictate things of science

Thomas Kuhn

Father of revolutionary science

drew the philosophy of science out of the rationalistic and historical views and highlighted social and institutional aspects of science

Law of human progress

human thinking necessarily passes through three stages: theological, philosophical, and scientific

Light year

the distance that light travels in a year

Line spectrum

The spectrum of color that results when diffracting light, can be used to determine the materials that are present in a star or even on a different planet

metaphysical naturalism

view that all that exists are natural entities. No supernatural beings

methodological naturalism

Doing science as if you hold to naturalism or the secular view that God will not intervene during experiments and the world follows orderly rules.

such knowledge or such a system of knowledge concerned with the physical world and its phenomena: natural science (lewontin)

Milky Way

The galaxy that we live in.

moral relativism

The view that there is no absolute or universal moral law or truth, resulting in a morality determined by cultural factors or personal preference.

Multiverse

The idea that there is a possibility of multiple universe or worlds many of which stem from quantum mechanics

natural theology

practice of arguing to theological conclusions from generally accepted premises drawn from reason or experience of the natural world

naturalism

a theory denying that an event or object has a supernatural significance. Specifically: the doctrine that scientific laws are adequate to account for all phenomena

non-overlapping magisteriam (NOMA)

religion and science are both legitimate methods of inquiry, but they should be restricted to completely separate spheres

Ronald Numbers

Historian of science that offers multiple "midscale patterns" that help set the landscape by which we understand the relationship between science and religion (naturalization, privatization, secularization, globalization, radicalization)

objective

unbiased; not subjective

William Paley

Argued that mechanisms like a heart and eyes show a clear sign of purpose and designer, He uses the example that a watch can not self assembled its self but needs a master craftsman

paradigm shift

Major change in the way of thinking or dominating scientific viewpoint

Parallax

A mathematical formula that uses law of sins to find the distance of another celestial body

Alvin Plantinga

He wrote articles supporting what he called Augustinian science and supported Christians being active in science

Positivism

a view that believes that everything has a rational justifiable reason was founded on beliefs held by Auguste Comte

Prokaryote

A single sell organism that has a cell wall most of which are bacteria and some are archaea

Ptolemy

astronomer-mathematician who proposed a theory that the Earth was at the center of the universe

Radiometric dating

The process at looking at radioactive atoms and their products and determining the age of the thing.

Redshift

because the universe is theorized to be expanding, the light from farther stars seem redder because of the doppler effect

Bertrand Russell

knowledge is “instinctive belief and reasoning about those beliefs - non contradictory (harmonious) systems of belief”

science

the state of knowing or a department of systematized knowledge as an object of study

scientism

the belief that only certifiably scientific knowledge counts as real knowledge. All else is mere opinion or nonsense

special revelation

inspired scriptures, direct communication

star

A massive ball of elements held together by gravity and undergoing fusion.

subjective

based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions

Supernova

An exploded star

theory

Explanation of a phenomenon, not the same as a hypothesis

two books metaphor

the book of God's word and the book of God's world

the idea that God has provided information or revelation to humans through two different but coordinated sources

Bishop James Ussher

Used the bible to predict the age of the universe and predicted that the universe was made in 4004 BC

Watchmaker analogy

William paley proposed that a watch would not be able to make its self and similarly features of nature are complex and require a designer

A.D. White

Worked with William Draper to form the Conflict Thesis which is how historians understand the relationship between science and Christianity.

Fixity of species

It is the idea that species stay the same over a long period of time