Acids & Alkalis

Acid

a substance with a pH less than 7 that turns blue litmus paper red

Alkali

a substance with a pH greater than 7 that turns red litmus paper blue

concentrated

An acid or alkali with a large amount of pure acid/alkali dissolved in the water

dilute

An acid or alkali with a small amount of pure acid/alkali dissolved in the water.

neutral solution

a solution with a pH of 7 OR when acids and alkalis cancel each other out

List 3 acids:

• lemon juice

• orange juice

• cream of tartar

List 3 alkalis

• baking soda

• bleach

• handwash

neutralisation

the chemical reaction between an acid and an alkali that produces water and a salt.

acid + alkali —>

water + salt

what is a soluble base?

an alkai

How is salt formed?

hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acidto produce sodium chloride.

How do u measure pH?

• pH probe

• indicators

Hydrochloric acid makes:

CHLORIDE salts

Sulfuric acid makes:

SULFATE salts

Nitric acid makes:

NITRATE salts

What is the word equation for acid + metal?

acid + metal —> salt + hydrogen

What is the word equation for acid + base

acid + base —> salt + water

hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide —>

sodium chloride + water

sulfuric acid + magnesium hydroxide —>

magnesium sulfate + water

nitric acid + potassium hydroxide —>

potassium nitrate + water

hydrochloric acid + magnesium —>

magnesium chloride + hydrogen

sulfuric acid + zinc —>

zinc sulfate + hydrogen

nitric acid + calcium —>

calcium nitrate + hydrogen