States of Matter: Particle Motion, Melting, Evaporation, and Condensation

States of matter that move about freely

liquid and gas

Are solids moving?

yes

Motion of particles in a solid

The particles move towards and away from each other

What keeps solid things from falling apart?

The attraction of the particles to one another

What happens to the particles when a solid melts?

The solid particles move faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attraction and the lattice work falls apart

Motion of particles in a liquid

Particles can slide past one another but there is still some attraction between particles

Difference in movement of liquid and solid particles

Liquid particles can slide past one another which solid particles cannot. They are different because liquid particles are not attracted to each other as strongly as solids.

What happens to particles when a liquid evaporates?

Liquid particles get jostled out at the surface and become a gas

What changes the rate of evaporation?

Changing the temperature

How do gases condense and form a liquid?

Gas particles slow down until the particles start to attract each other and form a liquid.