Canadian History since World War One flash cards for final exam

No-man’s land

Dangerous strip of land between opposing trenches

Trenches

Narrow dug-out fortifications in the ground meant to protect friendly soldiers from opposing soldiers

Conscription

Compulsory enlistment of citizens into the army

Armistice

Formal ceasefire that stopped fighting, but generally not the war

U-boat

German submarine used in the World Wars

Militarism

Political philosophy, emphasizing a strong military

Victory Bonds

Temporary loan to government to help improve military

Vimy Ridge

A battle during WW1 on lasting from April 9th to 12th 1917 where a monument was built to commemorate Canada, and it's having helped

Triple Entente members

Russia, France, GB and later USA and Italy

Triple Alliance members

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Italy (temporary)

Primary Source Definition

Original document, artifact, or photo that provides a first hand unfiltered account of an event

Secondary Source definition

A document or recording analyzing, interpreting or synthesizing information from primary sources

Imperialism

Powerful nation extending political or economic power/influence

Machine Gun

Rapid fire gun that shoots many bullets per second

Nationalism

Intense belief in a nations identity, culture or superiority

Halifax explosion

Dec 6 1917 when French ammo ship Mont-Blanc collided with a Belgian relief ship

Alliance

Formal agreement between nations for mutual defence

Propaganda

Information given by the government to promote a particular cause. Can be misleading, bias or truth

Treaty of Versailles

A treaty that greatly restricted Germany, and forcing Germany to accept sole responsibility for starting WW1

William Lyon Mackenzie King

The Canadian prime minister with the long time leading. Responsible for King/Byng scandal

Winnipeg General Strike

A big strike starting May 19, 1919, where 2 strikers were fatally shot by police

Indian Act

An act passed by the government defining who is considered “Indian”, and taking away their rights.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A Canadian law enacted on July 1, 1923, that virtually banned all immigration from China by restricting entry to only a few, select categories

Person’s Case

A law that declared women as people

Causes of the Great Depression

Stock market crash and overproduction

Canada’s role in WW2

Key allied contributor helping the Allies significantly

Conscription crisis WW2

Canada initially saying that they won’t force conscription before implementing it a couple of years later

Internment Camps

Camps that forcefully held Japanese-Canadians during WW2

Avro Arrow

A Canadian jet being built during the Cold War that costed millions of dollars and could fly up to Mach 2. It eventually got cancelled by the government.

Suez Crisis

A crisis that could have started WW3. Egypt took over the Suez Canal, making Britain and France angry. Lester B Pearson created peacekeepers who eventually went in to stop the crisis.

Baby Boom

A large population boom where a bunch of ww2 veterans had children. Largest documented generation. Lasted from 1946-64.

Canada’s involvement in the Cold War

Co-founding NORAD

Participating in Korean War

Contributing military forces to Europe

Residential School

A school with the purpose to assimilated Indigenous kids. Barely any actual learning happened.

Africville

A city for Black-Canadians in Nova Scotia. It was meant to be a haven away from all the racism before ending up being demolished in the 1960s.

60s scoop

Large number of indigenous kids forcefully taken from their community into non-indigenous homes

Hippies

A subculture created by baby boomers in the 60s as a rejection of conventional values and the taking of hallucinogenic drugs

Quiet Revolution (Québec)

A time of rapid change experienced in Québec during the 1960s

Civil Rights movement 1960s

A period of intense social change, characterized by grassroots activism, protests, and legal challenges aimed at ending systemic racism, discrimination, and inequality

What does FLQ stand for

Front de Libération Québec

FLQ / October crisis

A crisis where the FLQ fought for Québec sovereignty by kidnapping a British diplomat a killing a French politician

Oka crisis

The Kanesatake resistance lasting 78 days when the city of Oka tried to expand a golf course onto a Mohawk cemetery. 1 Québec police officer died

Ipperwash crisis

A 1995 crisis where the first nations tried to earn the rights back for their reserve on Ipperwash beach. Dudley George, a first nation was fatally shot.

NAFTA

A 1994 pact between Canada, United States of America and Mexico creating a free-trade zone and eliminating most tariffs.

Multiculturalism Act

An act in Canada which protected cultural heritage and encouraged equality to all Canadians.

Ongoing changes to immigration policy (1967-onward)

Focus on skill rather than race, priority on family reunification