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Kinematics
the study of motion without considering its causes
Position
where an object is at any particular time
Displacement
change in position of an object
Δx (displacement) = xf (final position) - x0 (initial position)
has DIRECTION and MAGNITUDE
Distance
the magnitude or size of displacement between two positions
scalar quantity
Distance traveled
total length of the path traveled between two positions
Vector
any quantity with both a magnitude and a direction
Scalar
any quantity that has a magnitude but no direction
Time
change, or the interval over which change occurs
Elapsed time
the difference between the ending time and beginning time
Δt (elapsed time) = tf (time at the end of motion) - t0 (time at the beginning of motion)
Average velocity
displacement divided by the time of travel
v (with bar -> average velocity) = Δx (displacement)/ Δt (time)
Instantaneous velocity
average velocity at a specific instant in time
Average speed
distance traveled divided by elapsed time
Instantaneous speed
magnitude of instantaneous velocity
Accuracy
multiple trials being close to the target/goal
correctness
Precision
multiple trials being close to other trials
consistency
Reference point
one spot from which measurements of position, distance, or speed will be made
Reference frame
entire area used to determine position, motion
Speed
change in position over a time period
distance/time
Velocity
speed in a certain direction
Average acceleration
rate at which velocity changes
a (with bar over -> average acceleration) = Δv (velocity)/ Δt (time)
Acceleration
change in speed and/or direction
the direction of the change in velocity, but is NOT ALWAYS in the direction of motion
Deceleration
acceleration in the direction opposite to the direction of the velocity
always reduces speed
Instantaneous acceleration
acceleration at a specific instant in time
Plus (+)
quantity is to the right
Minus (-)
quantity is to the left
doesn't necessarily mean slower
Note
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