Health Science I Final Exam Set #1

Anatomical Position

The individual is standing upright, face forward, with the upper limbs positioned at the sides, the palms turned forward, and the feet flat on the floor

Superior

Toward the head or upper part of a structure

Inferior

Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure

Anterior/Ventral

Toward the front of the body

Posterior/Dorsal

Toward the back of the body

Medial

Locating a structure nearer to the midline of the body, which divides the body into equal right and left halves

Lateral

Locating a structure further from the midline of the body

Intermediate

Being between two structures

Proximal

Nearer to the point of attachment of an appendage to the trunk of the body

Distal

Farther from the point of attachment of an appendage to the trunk of the body

Superficial

Toward or on the surface of the body

Midsaggital Plane

Plane that separates the body into equal right and left halves

Saggital Plane

Plane that separates the body into unequal right and left halves

Frontal/Coronal Plane

Vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior sections

Transverse/Horizontal Plane

Plane the divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Umbilical

The centermost region characterized by the presence of the umbilicus (bellybutton)

Right Lumbar

The region immediately to the right lateral of the umbilical region

Left Lumbar

The region immediately to the left lateral of the umbilical region

Epigastric

The region immediately superior to the umbilical region which overlies most of the stomach

Right Hypochondriac

Region positioned immediately to the right lateral area of the epigastric region

Left Hypochondriac

Region positioned immediately to the left lateral area of the epigastric region

Hypogastric

Region positioned immediately below the umbilical region

Right Iliac

Region positioned immediately to the right lateral area of the hypogastric region

Left Iliac

Region positioned immediately to the left lateral area of the hypogastric region

Dorsal Cavity

One long continuous cavity on back of body

Divided into 2 sections:

Cranial Cavity-Contains the brain

Spinal Cavity-Contains the spinal cord

Thoracic Cavity

Cavity located in the chest

Contains esophagus, trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, and large blood vessels

Abdominal Cavity

Cavity divided into upper and lower parts

Upper Abdominal Cavity

Cavity that contains the stomach, small intestines, most of the large intestines, appendix, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen

Lower Abdominal Cavity/Pelvic Cavity

Cavity that contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and the last part of the large intestines

medial/posterior

The heart is _________ to the lungs

lateral/distal

The thumb is ________ to the wrist

superior/proximal

The kneecap is __________ to the ankle

ventral/anterior

The nose lies on the _______ surface of the body

lateral

The eyes are located _________ to the nose

lateral

The ears are situated ________ to the nose

deep

The upper arm muscle is _______ to the skin

medial

The ring finger is located _______ relative to the thumb

dorsal/posterior

The spine is located ___________

posterior

The esophagus is located ___________ to the trachea

Left Lumbar/Umbilical/Epigastric

In which region(s) does the stomach lie?

Outside Hypochondriac regions

In which region(s) do the kidneys lie?

Umbilical/Left Lumbar

In which region(s) does the spleen lie?

Right Lumbar

In which region(s) does the gallbladder lie?

Right Iliac

In which region(s) does the appendix lie?

Hypogastric

In which region(s) does the rectum, urinary bladder, and uterus lie?

Hypogastric/Iliac Regions

In which region(s) do the ovaries lie?

Umbilical

In which region(s) does the small intestines lie?