Unit 1 Chapter Quizzes Metrology

​Most human-made impurities found in the atmosphere present a health and environmental hazard. What are these called?

Pollutants

The temperature of the tropopaus:

Is much colder than the temperature at the earth's surface

Earth's atmosphere is divided into named layers based on the vertical profile of:

Air temperature

In what atmospheric layer would you find the highest concentration of ozone?

Stratosphere

​The atmospheric layer in which we live is called the:

Troposphere

​____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and water vapor are the four most abundant gases in today’s atmosphere

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon

The average or standard ____________________ in the troposphere is about 6.5°C for every 1000 m or about 3.6°F for every 1000 ft rise in elevation

Lapse rate

Water vapor molecules

​Are invisible

In what atmospheric layer would you find the lowest average air temperature?

Mesosphere

​The only substance near Earth's surface that is found naturally in the current atmosphere as a solid, liquid, and a gas is:

Water

​Suppose last night was clear and calm. Tonight’s forecast indicates that low clouds will be present. From this, you would conclude that tonight's minimum temperature will be:

H​igher than last night's minimum temperature

How are temperature and wavelength related?

The higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength will be

Good absorbers of radiation are usually poor emitters of radiation

False

​A vertical exchange of heat is called

Convection

If you want to keep an object cool while exposed to direct sunlight:

Wrap it in aluminum foil with the shiny side facing outward

​Sunlight that bounces off a surface is said to be ____ from the surface

Reflected

​What is the poorest conductor of heat?

Air

​Sinking air warms as a result of:

Compression

The horizontal transport of any atmospheric property by the wind is called:

Advection

​The ability or capacity to do work on some form of matter is called:

Energy

​The wind-chill factor

R​elates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind

​Hypothermia is most common in:

​Cold, wet weather

The most important reason why summers in the Southern Hemisphere are not warmer than summers in the Northern Hemisphere is that:

Over 80 percent of the Southern Hemisphere is covered with water

The maximum in daytime surface temperature typically occurs ____ the earth receives its most intense solar radiation

After

​On what date is the Sun the most intense in the Northern Hemisphere?

June 21

At what time during a 24-hour day would a radiation temperature inversion best be developed?

Near sunrise

​An ideal shelter for housing a temperature-measurement instrument should be:

Both white and in the shade

​During the afternoon, the greatest temperature difference between surface air and the air several meters above occurs on a:

Clear, calm afternoon

This is used as an index for fuel consumption:

Heating degree days

​Our seasons are caused by:

The angle at which sunlight reaches Earth