Energy & Data Analysis Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts related to energy and data analysis, energy sources, climate change, energy transfer and transformation, and the results of an experimental investigation.

What are fossil fuels and name three examples?

Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources mainly consisting of coal, petroleum (oil), and natural gas.

What are some disadvantages of using fossil fuels?

Disadvantages include land degradation, water pollution due to runoff from coal mining, and environmental damage.

List three advantages of renewable energy sources.

Renewable energy sources won't run out, have low maintenance requirements, and contribute to cleaner water and air.

What are the limitations of solar energy?

Solar energy is affected by weather conditions, there is no energy at night, and initial costs can be high.

Define climate change.

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns primarily due to human activities and burning fossil fuels.

Why does climate change matter?

Climate change poses risks to human health, leading to deaths from heat stress, poor air quality, and the spread of infectious diseases.

What is energy transfer?

Energy transfer is the movement of energy from one object to another without changing its form.

What is the difference between energy transfer and energy transformation?

Energy transfer keeps the same type of energy, while energy transformation changes energy from one form to another.

State the law of conservation of energy.

The law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system; only transformed.

What does energy efficiency measure?

Energy efficiency measures how much useful energy you get compared to the total energy input.

How do you calculate efficiency?

Efficiency = (Useful energy output / Total energy input) × 100.

In the energy efficiency example of a light bulb, what was the efficiency if the input was 50J and useful energy was 10J?

Efficiency = (10/50) × 100 = 20%.

What was the aim of the experimental report comparing heat sources?

To investigate which heat source is the most efficient.

What was the conclusion of the heat source experiment?

The Bunsen burner was the most efficient heat source as it increased the water's temperature the most.

What was noted as a critique regarding the experiment's validity?

One controlled variable (starting temperature) was not the same, which affected the validity.