MLHP Review Questions for Quiz # 4

What is transfusion medicine/blood bank also known as?

Transfusion medicine is also known as hematology.

Donor

An individual who provides blood for transfusion.

Recipient

An individual who receives blood during a transfusion.

Antigen

A substance that prompts the generation of antibodies and can cause an immune response.

Antibody

A protein produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens.

Cross-match

A test performed to determine compatibility between donor and recipient blood.

What is every blood donation tested for?

Every blood donation is tested for infectious diseases.

CBS

Canadian Blood Services.

What diseases are tested at CBS?

Transfusion-transmissible diseases.

How many ml for blood donation?

Typically, 450 ml is collected from a donor.

How many liters does an average adult have in their body?

An average adult has about 5 to 6 liters of blood.

What anticoagulant is found in collection bags at CBS?

Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) is used.

Whole blood is divided into?

Whole blood is divided into red blood cells, plasma, and platelets.

What is SAGM used for?

To enhance the preservation of red blood cells.

Shelf life for the red blood cell unit?

Red blood cells can be stored for up to 42 days.

How should red blood cell components be stored?

At a temperature range of 1-6 degrees Celsius.

Transportation time for red blood cells should not exceed?

Transport time should not exceed 6 hours.

Why do we do red blood cell transfusions?

To treat anemia, blood loss, or improve oxygen-carrying capacity.

Parts to a temperature-controlled blood bank fridge?

Compressor, thermostat, fan, and storage shelves.

Pooled platelet shelf life?

Pooled platelets have a shelf life of 5 days.

Where must platelet components be stored?

At room temperature with constant agitation.

What is FP?

Fresh Frozen Plasma.

Frozen plasma components must be stored frozen at?

At -18 degrees Celsius for a maximum of 12 months.

Storage and transportation for cryoprecipitate?

Cryoprecipitate should be stored at -18 degrees Celsius or colder.

Common causes of errors in transfusion medicine?

Mislabeling, patient identification errors, and sample contamination.

What tube is collected for blood bank tests?

A lavender-top EDTA tube.

How long to keep donor blood in the fridge after transfusion?

Up to 24 hours post-transfusion.

When to reject blood bank specimens?

If they are improperly labeled or collected in incorrect tubes.

Labeling requirements for blood bank specimens?

Name, date of birth, date of collection, and time.

Common tests performed in blood bank?

ABO typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching.

Major blood group system in ABO?

A, B, AB, and O, discovered by Karl Landsteiner.

Three methods for ABO typing?

Forward grouping, reverse grouping, and serological tests.

A person who is group A has?

Type A antigen.

A person who is group B has?

Type B antigen.

A person who is group AB has?

Both A and B antigens.

A person who is group O has?

No A or B antigens.

Where do you find the antigens?

On the surface of red blood cells.

ABO forward grouping test includes?

Mixing patient serum with known red blood cell types.

Color for Anti-A and Anti-B in forward grouping test?

Anti-A is typically blue, and Anti-B is typically yellow.

What is reserve grouping?

A backup test for patient blood type verification.

What is Rh status?

It indicates the presence of the D antigen on red blood cells.

Is Rh agglutination testing done the same way as forward ABO grouping?

Yes, it follows a similar procedure.

Does our body produce Rh antibodies?

No, Rh antibodies are typically produced only after exposure.

Two ways of exposure to produce anti-D?

Transfusion of Rh-positive blood and pregnancy with an Rh-positive fetus.

What is RhIG? When is it issued?

Rh immunoglobulin is issued to Rh-negative mothers after delivery of an Rh-positive baby.

Who is the universal donor?

O negative.

Who is the universal recipient?

AB positive.

If a person is positive for anti-A and negative for anti-B and positive for anti-D, which blood group?

Group A positive.

If a person is negative for anti-A and negative for anti-B and positive for anti-D, which blood group?

Group O positive.

If a person is positive for anti-A and positive for anti-B and negative for anti-D, which blood group?

Group AB negative.