E-Tech (Online Crimes)

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Online Crimes

Violations that inflict harm to other people by internet users. 

What is the Republic Act that defines bullying?

RA 10627

Flaming 

an online fight using electronic messages with angry and vulgar languages. 

Harassment 

the act of repeatedly sending nasty, mean, and insulting messages. 

Denigration

sending or posting gossip or rumors about a person to damage his or her reputation or friendships. 

Impersonation 

when someone is pretending to be someone else and sending or posting material to get that person in trouble or danger or to damage that person’s reputation or friendships.

Outing 

the act of sharing someone’s secrets or embarrassing information or images online.

Trickery

when someone is talking to a person to let him or her reveal his or her secrets or embarrassing information and then, shares the sensitive information online.

Exclusion

when one is intentionally or cruelly excluded from an online group.

Cyberstalking 

the act of repeated, intense harassment and denigration that includes threats or creates significant fear.

Types of Cyberbullying

Flaming
Harassment
Denigration
Impersonation
Outing
Trickery
Exclusion
Cyberstalking

Identity Theft

crimes in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception.

Shoulder Surfing

Criminals watching over you in public places in an attempt to acquire personally sensitive information.

Causes of Identity Theft

Shoulder Surfing
Improperly Discarding Credit Cards
Responding to Spam/Unsolicited Emails

Phishing

the fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information.

Phishing vs Identity Theft

Phishing is pretending to be a reputable company, while Identity Theft is pretending to be an individual

Plagiarism

presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own, with or without their consent, by incorporating it in your work without full acknowledgment. 

Copyright Infringement 

occurs when a copyrighted work is reproduced, distributed, performed, publicly displayed, or made into a derivative work without the permission of the copyright owner. 

Copyright

legal right that gives creators control and ownership over their original works.

Fair Use

a copyrighting method where citation is not necessary/obligated.

Standards of Fair Use

Strictly for general/educational use
Only an excerpt/segment of the work
Does not affect sales of the work

Materials Under Fair Use

Works that lack originality
Public domains/copyrights have expired/unregistered
Freeware
General facts 

Online Security

It refers to the rules that are followed and the actions that are taken to make sure online users and data privacy are not compromised by individuals.

Internet Security Threats

dangers associated with using the internet.

Malwares

short for malicious software like viruses, worms, and dishonest spyware.

Computer Worms

programs that can replicate from one computer to another without human intervention.

Spam

unwanted messages, usually harmless yet contain links that may compromise your security.

Phishing (IST)

scams created by criminals who intend to ask for private or elicit information from their victims.

Types of Internet Security Strategies

Browser Selection
Email Security
Multifactor Authorzation
Firewalls

Browser Selection

Ensuring the browser you are using is secured, controlled, and protected.

Email Security

Establishing a multi-layered and comprehensive security for emails.

Multifactor Authetication (MFA)

Requiring several verification mechanisms in order to control access to a system.

Firewalls

first line of defense among networks, embedded with unwanted data, and it protects the data in the network from being stolen.

Online Ethics

the guidelines that govern users’ behavior on the internet. It encompasses the rights, responsibilities, and acceptable behavior for individuals while engaging in online activities.

Ethical Questions

Privacy
Big Data
Net Neutrality
Access to the Internet

Privacy

How secure are these sites? Will our information be used against us? Can the government monitor our online activity?

Big Data

Is collecting tons of data ethical? Who collects it? Why are they collected? What exclusions will be made?

Net Neutrality

The principle that internet service providers should treat all data that flows within them equally.

Access to the Internet 

If the internet is a right, how do we see those in parts of the world who don’t have access to the Internet? 

Online Etiquette

accepted and expected behavior when interacting with others on the internet.

Guidelines on Online Etiquette

Be Always Courteous

Do Not Use Foul Language And Incite Anger

Appropriate Your Humor And Avoid Sarcasm

Do Not Share Or Post Offensive Materials

Always Acknowledge Owners Of Original Ideas

Try To Be Understanding and Maximize Tolerance

Respect Others’ Opinions

Effects of Violating Online Ethics/Etiquette

Loss of Trust
Legal Consequences
Psychological Impact
Reputation Damage