Bio 1

5.0(2)
studied byStudied by 20 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Get a hint
Hint

Digestion

Get a hint
Hint

Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used

Get a hint
Hint

oral cavity

Get a hint
Hint

The part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible.

Card Sorting

1/46

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

47 Terms

1
New cards

Digestion

Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used

2
New cards

oral cavity

The part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible.

3
New cards

saliva

The fluid released when the mouth waters that plays an important role in both mechanical and chemical digestion

4
New cards

Epiglottis

A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering.

5
New cards

Esophagus

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

6
New cards

gastric juice

digestive secretions of the stomach glands consisting chiefly of hydrochloric acid and mucin and the enzymes pepsin and rennin and lipase

7
New cards

stomach

large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food

8
New cards

intestines

tube-shaped organs through which most nutrients and water are absorbed from food

9
New cards

Pancreas

An organs in the abdominal cavity with two roles. The first is an exocrine role: to produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, which are delivered to the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. The second is an endocrine role: to secrete insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to help regulate blood glucose levels.

10
New cards

gall bladder function

stores and concentrates bile

11
New cards

Liver functions

Responsible for: The metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Excretion of bilirubin, cholesterol, hormones, and drugs. Enzyme activation. Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals. Synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin, and clotting factors. Blood detoxification and purification. Bile production and secretion.

12
New cards

enzymes

Catalysts for chemical reactions in living things

13
New cards

Bronchi

two short branches located at the lower end of the trachea that carry air into the lungs.

14
New cards

Peristalsis

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

15
New cards

Inhalation

the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward

16
New cards

Exhalation

The passive part of the breathing process in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles relax, forcing air out of the lungs.

17
New cards

internal respiration

Exchange of gases between cells of the body and the blood

18
New cards

external respiration

the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood

19
New cards

Larynx

voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords

20
New cards

Lungs function

helps oxygen enter red blood cells

21
New cards

Trachea

Allows air to pass to and from lungs

22
New cards

Diaphragm

Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

23
New cards

clotting

the coagulation of blood caused by the rupture of platelets and the interaction of fibrin, fibrinogen, thrombin, prothrombin and calcium ions

24
New cards

gas exchange

Breathing, transport of gases, and exchange of gases with tissue cells; Provides O2 for cellular respiration and removes its waste product, CO2

25
New cards

Bronchioles

Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli.

26
New cards

Alveoli

tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood

27
New cards

Villi

Fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption

28
New cards

Microvilli

projections that increase the cell's surface area

29
New cards

mucus

A thick, slippery substance produced by the body

30
New cards

arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

31
New cards

atrium

Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart

32
New cards

Ventricles

the two lower chambers of the heart, and they pump blood out to the lungs and body.

33
New cards

pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

34
New cards

Cardiac circulation

The circulation of blood around the heart only

35
New cards

Aorta

The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body.

36
New cards

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

37
New cards

Capillaries

Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the blood and cells of the body

38
New cards

Plasma

Liquid part of blood

39
New cards

Leukocytes

white blood cells

40
New cards

Erythrocytes

red blood cells, carry oxygen

41
New cards

Hemoglobin

An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen.

42
New cards

Platelets

blood clotting

43
New cards

heart rate

A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute.

44
New cards

blood pressure

the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels

45
New cards

Systolic/systole

Maximum pressure exerted on arteries when the ventricles contract or ejected blood from the heart.

46
New cards

Diastolic/diastole

The period of time when the heart fills with blood after contraction

47
New cards

Lymphocytes

The two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system: B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances.