Week 6 - Scapula, Clavicle, and Upper Limbs

scapula

shoulder bone

• composes part of the shoulder girdle

scapular (spine)

ridge on the posterior surface of the scapula

• muscle attachment

supraspinous fossa

depression superior to spine

• supraspinatus lies here as well as arteries and nerves

infraspinous fossa

depression inferior to spine

• infraspinatus lies here

subscapular fossa

depression on the posterior aspect of the scapula (the part that faces toward your innards)

• subscapularis lies here

acromion process/acromion

projection from the lateral end of the scapular spine

• muscle attachment; articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle

coracoid process

projection of bone from the superior border of the scapula, anterior view

• muscle attachment

glenoid fossa/cavity

hollow end on scapula

• forms the shoulder joint

supraglenoid tubercle

surface superior to the glenoid fossa, looks like a smooth bump

• attachment for the origin of the long head of biceps brachii

infraglenoid tubercle

inferior to the gleniod fossa, looks more like a small depression

• attachment for the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii

clavicle

your collar bone

• composes part of the shoulder girdle

sternal end

this end of the clavicle is medial with a rounded edge; the bumps right above your sternum

• articulates with the sternum

acromial end

this end of the clavicle is lateral with a flattened edge; this end is closest to your shoulders where the acromion is

• articulates with the acromion

conoid tubercle

bump on the posterior aspect of the clavicle seen from the inferior view, closest to the acromial end; greater directional ID point

• ligament attachment

glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)

this joint refers to area running from the glenoid fossa(/cavity) to the head of the humerus

shoulder girdle

this body part is composed of the clavicle, scapula, and humerus; where the arm fits

brachium

upper arm; from axilla to elbow

• movement

humerus

bone of upper arm

head

the rounded proximal end of the humerus

• articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula to form the glenohumeral joint

anatomical neck

the portion separating the head from the main body of the humerus; above the greatter and lesser tubercle

surgical neck

portion below the greater and lesser tubercle on the humerus

greater tubercle

large bony knob on the anterior surface of the humerus, close to the anatomical neck, lateral to the lesser tubercle

• attachment of rotator cuff muscles

crest of greater tubercle of humerus

a raised ridge continuing down the anterior surface of the humerus directly from the greater tubercle

• attachment point for pectoralis major

lesser tubercle

smaller bony knob on the anterior surface of the humerus, close to the anatomical neck, medical to greater tubercle

• attachment of rotator cuff muscles

crest of lesser tubercle humerus

a raised ridge continuing down the anterior surface of the humerus directly from the lesser tubercle

• attachment of the latissimus dorsi and teres major

intertubercular sulcus

groove between greater and lesser tubercles

• attachment of latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major muscles

deltoid tuberosity

large bump on the main shaft or body of the humerus

• attachment of the deltoid

trochlea

pully shaped knob on distal surface of humerus

• articulates with trochlear notch on forearm

capitulum

rounded knob on distal surface of humerus

• articulates with head of radius on forearm

olecranon fossa

big divot on posterior side of humerus

• articulates with olecranon process

radial fossa

fossa directly above the capitulum; anterior aspect of humerus

• articulates with radial head

coronoid fossa

fossa directly above trochlea

• stabilizes elbow joint, prevents over flexing

medial epicondyle

rough process medial to trochlea

• attachment of most flexor muscles in antebrachium

lateral epicondyle

rough process lateral to capitulum, seen prominently from posterior aspect, lateral to olecranon fossa

• attachment of most extensor muscles in antebrachium

antebrachium

the forearm

proximal radioulnar joint

the head of the radius articulating with the radial notch of the ulna

distal radioulnar joint

the medial surface of the ulna articulating with the ulnar notch of the radius forms what joint

radius

the smaller of the two forearm bones (subunit of antebrachium)

head

disc-shaped proximal end of the radius

• articulates with capitulum and radial notch

neck

portion beneath the head of the radius

radial tuberosity

rough medial projection distal to the head of the radius

• attachment of biceps brachii muscles

styloid process of the radius

pointed end on the distal end of radius, sits laterally

• ligament attachment

ulnar notch of the radius

notch on the medial aspect of the distal end of the radius; opposite of styloid process

• articulates with the medial surface on the distal end of the ulna to form the distal radioulnar joint

ulna

the larger of the two forearm bones (subunit of antebrachium)

trochlear notch

a notch shaped like a large C on the ulna

• articulates with the trochlea

olecranon process

the large proximal end of the ulna

• attachment of triceps brachii muscle

coronoid process

small anterior projection at proximal end of ulna, inferior to trochlear notch

• attachment of brachialis muscle

radial notch

small depression lateral side of proximal end of ulna

• articulates with head of radius to form the proximal radioulnar joint

styloid process of the ulan

pointed end on the distal end of the ulna

• ligament attachment

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff